Iivalvu zeglobe, iivalvu zesango, iivalvu zebhabhathane, iivalvu zokujonga kunye neevalvu zebhola zonke zizinto ezibalulekileyo zolawulo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho namhlanje. Ivalvu nganye yahlukile ngenkangeleko, ulwakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ivalvu yeglobe kunye nevalvu yesango zifana ngenkangeleko, kwaye kwangaxeshanye zinomsebenzi wokunqunyulwa kwipayipi, ngoko ke kuya kubakho abahlobo abaninzi abangenanxibelelwano kangako nevalvu ukuze badideke. Enyanisweni, ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo, umahluko phakathi kwevalvu yeglobe kunye nevalvu yesango usemkhulu kakhulu.
- Ulwakhiwo
Kwimeko yendawo encinci yokufaka, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukhetho lwe:
Ivalvu yesango ingavalwa ngokuqinileyo ngomphezulu wokuvala ngokuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo oluphakathi, ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo sokungavuzi. Xa ivulwa kwaye ivalwa, i-valve spool kunye nomphezulu wokuvala isihlalo sevalvu zihlala zidibana kwaye zigudlana, ngoko ke umphezulu wokuvala kulula ukuwunxiba, kwaye xa ivalvu yesango isondele ekuvaleni, umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi komphambili nomva wombhobho mkhulu kakhulu, okwenza umphezulu wokuvala ubonakale unzima ngakumbi.
Ulwakhiwo lwevalvu yesango luya kuba nzima ngakumbi kunevalvu yeglobhu, ngokwembono yembonakalo, kwimeko ye-caliber efanayo, ivalvu yesango iphezulu kunevalvu yeglobhu, kwaye ivalvu yeglobhu inde kunevalvu yesango. Ukongeza, ivalvu yesango yahlulwe yaba yinduku ekhanyayo kunye nenduku emnyama. Ivalvu yeglobhu ayinjalo.
- Umsebenzi
Xa ivalvu yomhlaba ivuliwe kwaye ivaliwe, iba luhlobo lwesiqu esinyukayo, oko kukuthi, ivili lesandla liyajikeleziswa, kwaye ivili lesandla liya kwenza iintshukumo zokujikeleza nokuphakamisa kunye nesiqu sevalvu. Ivalvu yesango kufuneka ijike ivili lesandla, ukuze isiqu senze intshukumo yokuphakamisa, kwaye indawo yevili lesandla ngokwayo ingatshintshi.
Amanqanaba okuhamba kwamanzi ayahluka, iivalvu zesango zifuna ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa iivalvu zeglobe zingenalo. Ivalvu yeglobe inendlela ethile yokungena kunye neyokuphuma, kwaye ivalvu yesango ayinazo iimfuno zendlela yokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Ukongeza, ivalvu yesango ivuleka ngokupheleleyo okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo kuphela kwiimeko ezimbini, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwesango kukhulu kakhulu, ixesha lokuvulwa nokuvalwa lide. Ukubetha kwe-valve plate yokuhamba kwevalvu yeglobhu kuncinci kakhulu, kwaye ipleyiti yevalvu yeglobhu inokuma kwindawo ethile ishukuma ukuze kulungiswe ukuhamba kwamanzi. Ivalvu yesango ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukunqunyulwa kwaye ayinamsebenzi wumbi.
- Ukusebenza
Ivalvu yeglobe ingasetyenziselwa ukunqunyulwa kunye nokulawulwa kokuhamba kwamanzi. Ukumelana kolwelo lwevalvu yeglobe kukhulu kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukuyivula nokuvala, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ipleyiti yevalvu imfutshane ukusuka kumphezulu wokuvala, ukubetheka kokuvula nokuvala kufutshane.
Ngenxa yokuba ivalvu yesango inokuvulwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo kuphela, xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, ukumelana nokuhamba okuphakathi kumjelo womzimba wevalvu kuphantse kube yi-0, ngoko ke ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu yesango kuya konga kakhulu umsebenzi, kodwa ipleyiti yesango ikude nomphezulu wokuvala, kwaye ixesha lokuvulwa nokuvala lide.
- Ukufakwa kunye nesikhokelo sokuhamba
Isiphumo sevalvu yesango ehamba kuzo zombini iindlela siyafana, kwaye akukho mfuneko yecala lokungena nelokuphuma kofakelo, kwaye i-medium ingahamba kuzo zombini iindlela. Ivalvu yeglobe kufuneka ifakwe ngokuhambelana ngqo necala lokuchonga utolo lomzimba wevalvu, kwaye kukho ilungiselelo elicacileyo kwicala lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwevalvu yeglobe, kwaye icala lokuhamba kwevalvu yeglobe "ezintathu ukuya" eTshayina lisuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
Ivalvu yeglobhu iphantsi ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye ngaphandle kukho imibhobho ecacileyo engekho kwinqanaba lesigaba. I-gate valve runner ikumgca othe tye. Ukubetheka kwevalvu yesango kukhulu kune-globe valve.
Ngokwembono yokumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi, ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kwevalvu yesango kuncinci xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kwevalvu yokumisa umthwalo kukhulu. I-coefficient yokumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi yevalvu yesango eqhelekileyo imalunga ne-0.08 ~ 0.12, amandla okuvula nokuvala mancinci, kwaye i-medium inokugeleza kumacala amabini. Ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kwevalvu eziqhelekileyo zokuvala kuphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kuneevalvu zesango. Xa uvula kwaye uvala, kuyimfuneko ukunyanzela ukuvalwa ukuze kufezekiswe ukutywinwa, i-valve spool yevalvu yeglobhu idibana kuphela nomphezulu wokutywinwa xa ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke ukuguguleka komphezulu wokutywinwa kuncinci kakhulu, kuba ukuhamba kwamandla aphambili kufuneka kongezwe i-actuator yevalvu yeglobhu kufuneka iqwalasele ukulungiswa kwendlela yokulawula i-torque.
Ivalvu yeglobe ineendlela ezimbini zokufakela, enye kukuba i-medium ingangena isuka ngaphantsi kwe-valve spool, inzuzo kukuba xa ivalvu ivaliwe, ukupakisha akukho phantsi koxinzelelo, ubomi benkonzo yokupakisha bunokwandiswa, kwaye umsebenzi wokutshintsha ukupakisha ungenziwa phantsi koxinzelelo kumbhobho ophambi kwevalvu; ingxaki kukuba i-torque eqhubayo yevalvu inkulu, ephantse ibe yi-1 ngaphezu kokuhamba okuphezulu, kwaye amandla e-axial esiqu sevalvu makhulu, kwaye isiqu sevalvu kulula ukusigoba.
Ngoko ke, le ndlela iqheleke ukuba ifaneleke kuphela kwiivalvu zeglobe ezincinci (DN50 okanye ngaphantsi), kwaye iivalvu zeglobe ezingaphezulu kweDN200 zikhethwa ukuze kungene imidiya evela phezulu. (Iivalvu zokuvala umbane zihlala zisebenzisa i-medium ukuze zingene zivela phezulu.) Ingxaki yendlela imidiya engena ngayo ivela phezulu ichasene ngqo nendlela engena ngayo ngezantsi.
- Ukutywina
Umphezulu wokutywina wevalvu yeglobhu licala elincinci letrapezoidal lesiseko sevalvu (jonga ngokukodwa imilo yesiseko sevalvu), xa isiseko sevalvu siwile, silingana nokuvalwa kwevalvu (ukuba umahluko woxinzelelo mkhulu, ewe, ukuvalwa akungqongqo, kodwa isiphumo esichaseneyo asibi sibi), ivalvu yesango ivalwe ecaleni kwepleyiti yesango levalvu yentloko, isiphumo sokutywina asilunganga njengevalvu yeglobhu, kwaye isiseko sevalvu asiyi kuwa njengevalvu yeglobhu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-01-2022
