Ivalve yesangosisivalufa esiqhelekile ngokwentelekiso ngokubanzi esinoluhlu olubanzi losetyenziso. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kulondolozo lwamanzi, isinyithi kunye namanye amashishini. Uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lokusebenza luye lwaqatshelwa yimarike. Ukongeza kuphononongo lwevalve yesango, yenze uphononongo olunzulu nolucokisekileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kunye nokusombulula ingxaki.iivalve zesango.
Oku kulandelayo yingxoxo ngokubanzi malunga nesakhiwo, ukusetyenziswa, ukulungisa iingxaki, ukuhlolwa komgangatho kunye neminye imiba yeiivalve zesango.
1. Isakhiwo
Ubume beivalve yesango: iivalve yesangosisivalo esisebenzisa ipleyiti yesango kunye nesitulo sevalvu ukulawula ukuvuleka nokuvala.Ivalve yesangoubukhulu becala iqulathe umzimba wevalvu, isihlalo sevalve, ipleyiti yesango, isiqu sevalve, ibhonethi, ibhokisi yokufaka izinto, idlala lokupakisha, i-stem nut, ivili lesandla njalo njalo. Ngokuxhomekeke ekutshintsheni indawo ehambelanayo phakathi kwesango kunye nesihlalo sevalve, ubungakanani beshaneli bungatshintshwa kwaye umjelo unokunqunyulwa. Ukuze wenze iivalve yesangouvale ngokuqinileyo, umphezulu wokukhwelana wepleyiti yesango kunye nesihlalo sevalve siphantsi.
Ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwoiivalve zesango, iivalve zesango zinokuhlulwa zibe luhlobo lwe-wedge kunye nohlobo oluhambelanayo.
Isango le wedgeivalve yesangoimise okwe wedge, kwaye umphezulu wokutywina wenza i-engile e-oblique kunye nomgca osembindini wetshaneli, kwaye i-wedge phakathi kwesango kunye nesihlalo sevalve isetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ukutywinwa (ukuvalwa). Ipleyiti ye wedge ingaba yinkunzi yegusha enye okanye inkunzi yegusha ephindwe kabini.
Imiphezulu yokutywina yevalve yesango ehambelanayo ihambelana nomnye kunye ne-perpendicular kumgca ophakathi womzila, kwaye kukho iindidi ezimbini: kunye nesixhobo sokwandiswa kunye nangaphandle kwendlela yokwandisa. Kukho iinkunzi zeegusha eziphindwe kabini ezinendlela yokwandisa. Xa iinkunzi zegusha zisihla, imiqukumbelo yeenkunzi zegusha ezimbini ezinxuseneyo iya kutwabulula iinkunzi zegusha ezimbini kwisitulo sevalve kwindawo ethe tye ukuze ivalele umjelo. Xa iinkunzi zeegusha ziphakama kwaye zivule, i-wedges kunye namasango aya kuthi Ubuso obuhambelanayo beplate buhlukaniswe, iplate yesango iphakama ukuya kwindawo ethile, kwaye i-wedge ixhaswa ngumphathi kwiplate yesango. Isango eliphindwe kabini ngaphandle kwendlela yokwandisa, xa isango lityibilika kwisitulo sevalve ecaleni kweendawo ezimbini ezinxuseneyo, uxinzelelo lolwelo lusetyenziselwa ukucinezela isango ngokuchasene nomzimba wevalvu kwicala lokuphuma levalvu ukutywina ulwelo.
Ngokuhambelana nokuhamba kwe-valve stem xa isango livuliwe kwaye livaliwe, i-valve yesango yohlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini: i-valve ye-stem yesango ekhulayo kunye ne-valve yesango elifihliweyo. Isiqu sevalve kunye nepleyiti yesango yevalve yesango enyukayo iphakama kwaye iwe ngaxeshanye xa ivulwa okanye ivaliwe; xa i-valve yesango efihliweyo ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe, i-valve stem ijikeleza kuphela, kwaye ukuphakanyiswa kwe-valve stem akubonakali, kwaye ipleyiti yevalve iphakama okanye iwela ezemidlalo. Inzuzo yevalve yesango lokunyuka kwe-stem kukuba ukuphakama kokuvula umjelo kunokujongwa ngokunyuka kokuphakama kwesiqu sevalve, kodwa ukuphakama okukhoyo kunokufinyezwa. Xa ujongene nevili lesandla okanye umqheba, jika ivili lesandla okanye ubambe ngasekunene ukuvala ivalve.
2. Izihlandlo kunye nemigaqo yokukhetha iivalvu zesango
01. Flativalve yesango
Izihlandlo zokusetyenziswa kwevalve yesango le-slab:
(1) Kwimibhobho ye-oyile nerhasi yendalo, isivalo sesango esithe tyaba esinemingxuma yokuphambukisa sikwalula ukucoca umbhobho.
(2) Imibhobho kunye nezixhobo zokugcina ioli esulungekisiweyo.
(3) Ukuxhaphaza izixhobo zezibuko zeoli kunye negesi yendalo.
(4) Imibhobho enamajelo eendaba amisiweyo.
(5) Umbhobho wothumelo lwegesi yeSixeko.
(6) Imisebenzi yamanzi.
Umgaqo wokukhetha we-slabivalve yesango:
(1) Kwimibhobho yeoli neyerhasi yendalo, sebenzisa isilabhu esinye okanye esiphindwe kabiniiivalve zesango. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukucoca umbhobho, sebenzisa isango elinye elinomngxuma wokuphambukela ovulekileyo wevalve yesango elisicaba.
(2) Kumbhobho wothutho kunye nezixhobo zokugcina i-oyile esulungekisiweyo, ivalve yesango elisicaba elinenkunzi yegusha enye okanye inkunzi yegusha ephindwe kabini ngaphandle kwemingxunya ephambuko iyakhethwa.
(3) Kufakelo lwezibuko lokutsalwa kweoyile kunye nerhasi yendalo, isango elinye okanye iivalvu zesango eziphindwe kabini ezinezitulo ezidadayo ezidadayo kunye nemingxunya ephambukisayo ziyakhethwa.
(4) Kwimibhobho exhonyiweyo, iivalvu zesango ezimilise okwemela zikhethwa.
(5) Kwimibhobho yothumelo lwerhasi ezidolophini, sebenzisa isango elinye okanye isango eliphindwe kabini elitywiniweyo levalvu yesango elisicaba.
(6) Kwiiprojekthi zamanzi etephu, isango elinye okanye iivalvu zesango eliphindwe kabini elineentonga ezivulekileyo ezingenamingxunya ephambukisayo zikhethiwe.
02. Ivalve yesango leWedge
Izihlandlo ezisebenzayo zevalve yesango le-wedge: Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalve, ivalve yesango yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ifanelekile kuphela ukuvulwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuvala ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ayikwazi ukusetyenziselwa ukulawulwa kunye nokubetha.
Iivalve zesango le-Wedge zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo apho kungekho mfuneko zingqongqo kwimilinganiselo yangaphandle yevalve, kwaye iimeko zokusebenza zinobunzima. Ngokomzekelo, indawo yokusebenza yokushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lufuna iindawo zokuvala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutywinwa kwexesha elide, njl.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimeko zenkonzo okanye zifuna ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kokutywinwa, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu (umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo), ukunqunyulwa kwengcinezelo ephantsi (umahluko omncinci woxinzelelo), ingxolo ephantsi, i-cavitation kunye ne-vaporization, ubushushu obuphakathi, ubushushu obuphantsi ( cryogenic), kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ivalve yesango leWedge. Njengoshishino lwamandla, ukunyibilikiswa kwepetroleum, ishishini lepetrochemical, ioyile engaselunxwemeni, ubunjineli bokubonelela ngamanzi kunye nobunjineli bokucoca ugutyulo kulwakhiwo lwasezidolophini, ishishini lemichiza kunye nezinye iindawo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Umgaqo wokhetho:
(1) Iimfuno zeempawu zolwelo lwevalvu. Iivalve zesango zikhethelwe iimeko zokusebenza ezinokumelana nokuhamba okuncinci, umthamo oqinileyo wokuhamba, iimpawu zokuhamba kakuhle, kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zokutywinwa.
(2) Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Njengoxinzelelo oluphezulu lomphunga, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neoli yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
(3) Ubushushu obuphantsi (cryogenic) obuphakathi. Njenge-ammonia elulwelo, i-hydrogen engamanzi, ioksijini engamanzi kunye nezinye imidiya.
(4) Uxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nobukhulu obukhulu. Njengemisebenzi yamanzi, ukucocwa kogutyulo kuyasebenza.
(5) Indawo yokufakela: Xa umphakamo wofakelo ulinganiselwe, khetha i-valve yesango ye-stem wedge efihliweyo; xa umphakamo ungathintelwanga, khetha ivalve yesango yesiqu esiveziweyo.
(6) Iivalve zesango le-Wedge zingasetyenziselwa kuphela xa zingasetyenziselwa ukuvula ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuvala ngokupheleleyo, kwaye azikwazi ukusetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kunye nokubetha.
3. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa
01. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezizathu zeiivalve zesango
Emva kweivalve yesangoisetyenziswa, ngenxa yempembelelo yeqondo lokushisa eliphakathi, uxinzelelo, ukubola kunye nokunyakaza okuhambelanayo kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zoqhagamshelwano, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zivame ukwenzeka.
(1) Ukuvuza: Kukho iindidi ezimbini, ezizezi, ukuvuza kwangaphandle kunye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza ngaphandle kwevalve kubizwa ngokuba kukuvuza kwangaphandle, kwaye ukuvuza kwangaphandle ngokuqhelekileyo kufumaneka kwiibhokisi zokugxusha kunye nokudibanisa kwe-flange.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwebhokisi yokugqoka: uhlobo okanye umgangatho wokupakisha awuhambelani neemfuno; i-stuffing iyaguga okanye i-valve stem igugile; idlala lokupakisha likhululekile; umphezulu wesiqu sevalve uyakrweleka.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwi-flange uxhumano: Izinto eziphathekayo okanye ubukhulu be-gasket abuhambisani neemfuno; umgangatho wokulungiswa kwendawo yokutywina ye-flange imbi; iibholiti zokudibanisa aziqiniswanga ngokufanelekileyo; uqwalaselo lombhobho alunangqiqo, kwaye umthwalo owongezelelweyo ogqithisileyo uveliswa kumdibaniso.
Izizathu zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve: Ukuvuza okubangelwa kukuvalwa kwevalve kukuvuza kwangaphakathi, okubangelwa ngumonakalo kwindawo yokutywina yevalve okanye ingcambu ye-lax yeringi yokutywina.
(1) Umhlwa udla ngokuba ngumhlwa womzimba wevalvu, ibhonethi, isiqu sevalve, kunye nomphezulu wokutywina weflange. I-Corrosion ibangelwa ikakhulu kwisenzo se-medium, kunye nokukhululwa kwe-ion kwii-fillers kunye ne-gaskets.
(2) Imikrwelo: Ukurhaxa okanye ukuxobula umphezulu okwenzekayo xa isango kunye nesitulo sevalve zishukuma xa zithelekiswa enye kwenye phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile loqhagamshelwano.
02. Ukugcinwa kweivalve yesango
(1) Ukulungiswa kwevalve evuzayo yangaphandle
Xa ucinezela ukupakisha, iibholiti ze-gland kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ukuze zigweme i-gland ukuba ingaguquki kwaye ishiye isithuba sokudibanisa. Ngelixa ucinezela ukupakisha, i-valve stem kufuneka ijikelezwe ukwenza ukupakisha malunga ne-valve stem uniform, kwaye uthintele uxinzelelo ukuba lube lukhuni kakhulu, ukuze ungachaphazeli ukujikeleza kwe-valve stem, ukwandisa ukunxiba kwi-packing, kwaye nciphisa ubomi benkonzo. Umphezulu wesiqu sevalve uyakrwelwa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba okuphakathi kube lula ukuvuza. Kufuneka kusetyenzwe ukuze kupheliswe imikrwelo kumphezulu wesiqu sevalve phambi kokusetyenziswa.
Ukuvuza kwi-flange uxhumano, ukuba i-gasket yonakaliswe, kufuneka ithathelwe indawo; ukuba izinto ze-gasket zikhethwe ngokungafanelekanga, izinto ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kufuneka zikhethwe; ukuba umgangatho wokucutshungulwa kwendawo yokutywinwa kwe-flange imbi, kufuneka isuswe kwaye ilungiswe. Umphezulu wokutywina we-flange uyaphinda uphinde usebenze de ube ufanelekile.
Ukongeza, ukuqiniswa okufanelekileyo kweebholithi zeflange, ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwemibhobho, kunye nokuphepha umthwalo owongezelelweyo ogqithisileyo kwiqhagamshelo leflange zonke ziluncedo ekuthinteleni ukuvuza kuqhagamshelo lweflange.
(2) Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve
Ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kukuphelisa umonakalo wendawo yokutywina kunye nengcambu ekhululekileyo yeringi yokutywina (xa ikhonkco lokutywina ligxininiswe kwipleyiti yevalve okanye isihlalo ngokucinezela okanye ukuthunga). Ukuba indawo yokutywina icutshungulwa ngokuthe ngqo kumzimba wevalve kunye nepleyiti yevalve, akukho ngxaki yeengcambu ezixekileyo kunye nokuvuza.
Xa umphezulu wokutywina wonakaliswe kakhulu kwaye umphezulu wokutywina wenziwe ngomsesane wokutywina, umsesane omdala kufuneka ususwe kwaye umsesane omtsha wokutywina kufuneka unikezwe; ukuba indawo yokutywina iqhutywe ngokuthe ngqo kumzimba wevalve, indawo yokutywina eyonakalisiweyo kufuneka isuswe kuqala. Susa, uze usile iringi entsha yokutywina okanye indawo esetyenziweyo ibe yindawo entsha yokutywina. Xa imikrwelo, i-bumps, i-crush, i-dents kunye nezinye iziphene kwindawo yokutywina ingaphantsi kwe-0.05mm, inokupheliswa ngokugaya.
Ukuvuza kwenzeka kwingcambu yeringi yokutywina. Xa umsesane wokutywina ulungisiwe ngokucinezela, beka itetrafluoroethylene tape okanye ipeyinti engqindilili emhlopheivalveisihlalo okanye umzantsi wegroove yeringi yomsesane wokutywina, uze ucinezele umsesane wokutywina ukuze ugcwalise ingcambu yomsesane wokutywina; Xa umsesane wokutywina uthungelwa, iteyiphu ye-PTFE okanye ipeyinti engqindilili emhlophe kufuneka ibekwe phakathi kwemisonto ukuthintela ulwelo ekuvuzeni phakathi kwemisonto.
(3) Ukulungiswa kokutya kwevalve
Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, umzimba wevalve kunye nebhonethi zidlaka ngokulinganayo, ngelixa isiqu sevalvu sihlala sinemingxuma. Xa kulungiswa, iimveliso zokubola kufuneka zisuswe kuqala. Kwi-valve stem enemingxuma yokukhupha, kufuneka icutshungulwe kwi-lathe ukuphelisa ukudakumba, kwaye isebenzise i-filler equkethe i-agent-release-release-agent, okanye ihlambulule i-filler ngamanzi ane-distilled ukususa isifaki esiyingozi kwi-valve stem. iiyoni ezonakalisayo.
(4) Ukulungiswa kwemikrwelo kwindawo yokutywina
Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwe-valve, zama ukukhusela indawo yokutywina ukuba ikhutshwe, kwaye i-torque akufanele ibe nkulu kakhulu xa uvala i-valve. Ukuba umgangatho wokutywinwa utyhulwa, unokususwa ngokugaya.
4. Ukufunyanwa kweivalve yesango
Kwimeko yemarike yangoku kunye neemfuno zabasebenzisi, intsimbiiivalve zesangoyenza umlinganiselo omkhulu. Njengomhloli womgangatho wemveliso, ngaphezu kokuqhelana nokuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso, kufuneka ube nokuqonda kakuhle imveliso ngokwayo.
01. Isiseko sokufumanisa intsimbiivalve yesango
Intsimbiiivalve zesangozivavanywa ngokusekwe kumgangatho wesizwe we-GB/T12232-2005 “Intsimbi eneflatshiiivalve zesangokwiivalvu jikelele”.
02. Izinto zokuhlola intsimbiivalve yesango
Ikakhulu ibandakanya: iimpawu, ubuncinci bodonga lobunzima, uvavanyo loxinzelelo, uvavanyo lweqokobhe, njl njl. Phakathi kwabo, ubukhulu bodonga, uxinzelelo, kunye novavanyo lweqokobhe zizinto zokuhlola eziyimfuneko kunye nezinto eziphambili. Ukuba kukho izinto ezingafanelekanga, zinokugwetywa ngokuthe ngqo njengemveliso engafanelekanga.
Ngamafutshane, ukuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuhlolwa kwemveliso yonke, kwaye ukubaluleka kwayo kuyabonakala. Njengabasebenzi bokuhlola abaphambili, kufuneka sihlale someleze umgangatho wethu, kungekuphela nje ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo ekuhlolweni kwemveliso, kodwa nangokuqonda kuphela iimveliso ezihloliweyo sinokuthi senze umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-31-2023
