Isishwankathelo
Ivalvuyimveliso ebalulekileyo kumatshini ngokubanzi. Ifakwe kwiipayipi okanye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukulawula ukuhamba kwe-medium ngokutshintsha indawo yetshaneli kwivalvu. Imisebenzi yayo yile: ukudibanisa okanye ukusika i-medium, ukuthintela i-medium ukuba ingabuyeli umva, ukulungisa iiparameter ezifana noxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye nokuhamba, ukutshintsha indlela yokuhamba kwe-medium, ukwahlula i-medium okanye ukukhusela imibhobho kunye nezixhobo kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, njl.
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zeevalvu, ezahlulwe zibeivalvu yesango, ivalvu yeglobhu,ivalvu yokujonga, ivalvu yebhola,ivalvu yebhabhathane, ivalvu yeplagi, ivalvu yediaphragm, ivalvu yokhuseleko, ivalvu yokulawula (ivalvu yokulawula), ivalvu ye-throttle, ivalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye neTraps, njl.njl.; Ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, yahlulwe yaba yi-alloy yobhedu, isinyithi esityhidiweyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ye-alloy, intsimbi ye-austenitic, intsimbi ye-ferritic-austenitic enezigaba ezimbini, i-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel, i-alloy ye-titanium, iplastiki yobunjineli kunye neevalvu ze-ceramic, njl.njl. Ukongeza, kukho iivalvu ezikhethekileyo ezifana neevalvu zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu, iivalvu ze-vacuum, iivalvu zesikhululo samandla, iivalvu zemibhobho kunye neepayipi, iivalvu zoshishino lwenyukliya, iivalvu zeenqanawa kunye neevalvu ze-cryogenic. Uluhlu olubanzi lweeparamitha zevalvu, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-DN1 (iyunithi kwi-mm) ukuya kwi-DN9750; uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-ultra-vacuum ye-1× 10-10 mmHg (1mmHg = 133.322Pa) ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lwe-PN14600 (iyunithi ye-105 Pa); Ubushushu bokusebenza buqala kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu be--269℃ukuya kubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu be-1200℃.
Iimveliso zeValve zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho lwelizwe, njengeoyile, igesi yendalo, iinkqubo zokucoca nokucubungula ioyile negesi kunye neenkqubo zokuthutha imibhobho, iimveliso zeekhemikhali, iinkqubo zamayeza kunye nemveliso yokutya, umbane wamanzi, umbane oshushu kunye neenkqubo zemveliso yamandla enyukliya; Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nokubonelela ngombane, iinkqubo zemveliso yesinyithi, iinkqubo zolwelo lweenqanawa, izithuthi, iinqwelomoya kunye noomatshini bezemidlalo abahlukeneyo, kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kunye nokuthuthwa kwamanzi kwiindawo zokulima. Ukongeza, kumacandelo etekhnoloji entsha efana nokhuselo kunye neenqwelo-moya, iivalvu ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo nazo ziyasetyenziswa.
Iimveliso zeevalvu ziqulathe inxalenye enkulu yeemveliso zoomatshini. Ngokwezibalo zamazwe angaphandle aphuhlileyo, ixabiso lemveliso yeevalvu limalunga ne-5% yexabiso lemveliso yeshishini lonke loomatshini. Ngokwezibalo, isityalo samandla enyukliya sendabuko esenziwe ngeeyunithi ze-kilowatt ezizizigidi ezibini sineevalvu ezimalunga nama-28,000 ezabelwana ngazo, apho malunga ne-12,000 zazo ziivalvu zesiqithi senyukliya. I-complex yanamhlanje enkulu ye-petrochemical ifuna amakhulu amawaka eevalvu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye utyalo-mali kwiivalvu ngokubanzi lubandakanya i-8% ukuya kwi-10% yotyalo-mali lulonke kwizixhobo.
Imeko ngokubanzi yoshishino lweevalvu eTshayina yakudala
01 Indawo yokuzalwa koshishino lweevalvu eTshayina: eShanghai
KwiTshayina yakudala, iShanghai yayiyindawo yokuqala yokwenza iivalvu eTshayina. Ngo-1902, iPan Shunji Copper Workshop, ekwiWuchang Road, kwiSithili saseHongkou, eShanghai, yaqala ukuvelisa iibhetshi ezincinci zeefaucet zetiyi ngesandla. Ifaucet yetiyi ... Emva koko, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yeevalvu zombhobho kwimarike, kwavulwa elinye iqela leefektri zezixhobo zentsimbi, iifektri zesanti (zokubumba) kunye neefektri zoomatshini ukuze kwenziwe iivalvu nganye emva kwenye.
Iqela lokuvelisa iivalvu lenziwa kwiindawo zaseZhonghongqiao, eWaihongqiao, eDaming Road naseChangzhi Road kwiSithili saseHongkou, eShanghai. Ngelo xesha, iimpawu ezithengiswa kakhulu kwimarike yasekhaya yayiyi-“Horse Head”, “Three 8″, “Three 9″, “Double Coin”, “Iron Anchor”, “Chicken Ball” kunye ne-“Eagle Ball”. Iimveliso zevalvu zentsimbi eziphoswe ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nentsimbi eziphoswe ngoxinzelelo zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu iivalvu zemibhobho kwizakhiwo nakwizibonelelo zococeko, kwaye inani elincinci leevalvu zentsimbi eziphoswe ngoxinzelelo nazo zisetyenziswa kwicandelo loshishino lwempahla ekhanyayo. Ezi fektri zincinci kakhulu ngobukhulu, zinobuchwepheshe obubuyela umva, izixhobo zezityalo ezilula kunye nemveliso ephantsi yeevalvu, kodwa zezona ndawo zokuqala zokuzalwa kweshishini leevalvu laseTshayina. Kamva, emva kokusekwa kweShanghai Construction Hardware Association, aba bavelisi beevalvu bajoyine intlangano nganye emva kwenye kwaye baba lilungu leqela lendlela yamanzi.
02 Izityalo ezimbini ezinkulu zokwenza iivalvu
Ekuqaleni kowe-1930, iShanghai Shenhe Machinery Factory yenze iivalvu zesango lesinyithi eliphantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi ngaphantsi kwe-NPS12 kwimisebenzi yamanzi. Ngowe-1935, imboni yaseka intsebenziswano neXiangfeng Iron Pipe Factory kunye nabaninizabelo beXiangtai Iron Co., Ltd. ukuze bakhe iDaxin Iron Factory (eyandulela iShanghai Bicycle Factory), ngo-1936. Igqityiwe yaza yafakwa kwimveliso, kukho abasebenzi abamalunga ne-100, kunye ne-2.6 zhang (1 zhang) engeniswe kwamanye amazwe.≈Izixhobo zokuphakamisa iilathes ezingama-3.33m, ikakhulu ezivelisa izixhobo zoshishino nezemigodi, imibhobho yamanzi yesinyithi kunye neevalvu zesinyithi, ubukhulu bevalvu yi-NPS6 ~ NPS18, kwaye Ingayila kwaye inikezele ngeeseti ezipheleleyo zeevalvu zezityalo zamanzi, kwaye iimveliso zithunyelwa eNanjing, eHangzhou naseBeijing. Emva kokuba abahlaseli baseJapan "nge-Agasti 13" bethathe iShanghai ngo-1937, uninzi lwesityalo kunye nezixhobo ezikwifektri zatshatyalaliswa yimililo yezixhobo zaseJapan. Kunyaka olandelayo imali yanda kwaye umsebenzi waqhubeka. Iivalvu zesango lesinyithi ze-NPS14 ~ NPS36, kodwa ngenxa yokudodobala koqoqosho, ukucotha kweshishini, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweendleko, azikwazanga ukubuyela kwimeko yazo de kwaba ngaphambi kokusekwa kweNew China.
Ngo-1935, abaninizabelo abahlanu kuquka uLi Chenghai, usomashishini wesizwe, baseka ngokubambisana iShenyang Chengfa Iron Factory (eyandulela iTieling Valve Factory) eShishiwei Road, eNancheng District, eShenyang City. Lungisa kwaye wenze iivalvu. Ngo-1939, umzi-mveliso wafuduselwa eBeierma Road, eTiexi District ukuze wandiselwe ukwakhiwa, kwaye kwakhiwa iiworkshop ezimbini ezinkulu zokwenza i-cast kunye ne-machining. Ngo-1945, wawusele ukhule waya kubasebenzi abangama-400, kwaye iimveliso zawo eziphambili yayizi: iibhoyila ezinkulu, iivalvu zobhedu eziphosiweyo, kunye neevalvu zesango lesinyithi esiphantsi komhlaba ezinobukhulu obuphantsi kwe-DN800. IShenyang Chengfa Iron Factory ngumenzi weevalvu osokola ukusinda eTshayina yakudala.
03 Ishishini leevalvu ngasemva
Ngexesha leMfazwe echasene neJapan, amashishini amaninzi eShanghai nakwezinye iindawo afudukela kumzantsi-ntshona, ngoko ke inani lamashishini eChongqing nakwezinye iindawo ezingasemva landa, kwaye eli shishini laqala ukuphuhliswa. Ngo-1943, iChongqing Hongtai Machinery Factory kunye neHuachang Machinery Factory (zombini iifektri zazingaphambi kweChongqing Valve Factory) zaqala ukulungisa nokwenza izixhobo zemibhobho kunye neevalvu ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi, nto leyo eyadlala indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni imveliso yexesha lemfazwe ngasemva nasekusombululeni iivalvu zasekuhlaleni. Emva kokuphumelela kweMfazwe echasene neJapan, iLisheng Hardware Factory, iZhenxing Industrial Society, iJinshunhe Hardware Factory kunye neQiyi Hardware Factory zavulwa ngokulandelelana ukuvelisa iivalvu ezincinci. Emva kokusekwa kweNew China, ezi fektri zadityaniswa kwiChongqing Valve Factory.
Ngelo xesha, abanyeabavelisi beevalvuEShanghai, ikwaye yaya eTianjin, eNanjing naseWuxi ukuze yakhe iifektri zokulungisa nokwenza iivalvu. Ezinye iifektri zezixhobo, iifektri zemibhobho yentsimbi, iifektri zoomatshini okanye iinqanawa eBeijing, eDalian, eChangchun, eHarbin, eAnshan, eQingdao, eWuhan, eFuzhou naseGuangzhou nazo bezibandakanyeka ekulungiseni nasekuveliseni ezinye iivalvu zemibhobho.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-21-2022
