Isishwankathelo
Ivalveyimveliso ebalulekileyo koomatshini ngokubanzi. Ifakwe kwimibhobho eyahlukeneyo okanye izixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba kwe-medium ngokuguqula indawo yomzila kwi-valve. Imisebenzi yayo yile: ukudibanisa okanye ukunqumla i-medium, ukuthintela i-medium ukuba ingabuyeli ngasemva, ilungelelanise iiparitha ezifana noxinzelelo oluphakathi kunye nokuhamba, ukuguqula ulwalathiso lokuhamba kwe-medium, ukwahlula okuphakathi okanye ukukhusela imibhobho kunye nezixhobo kwi-overpressure, njl.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso zevalvu, ezahlulahlulwe zabaivalve yesango, ivalve yeglowubhu,khangela ivalve, ivalve yebhola,ivelufa butterfly, i-valve yeplagi, i-valve ye-diaphragm, i-valve yokhuseleko, i-valve yokulawula (i-valve yokulawula), i-valve ye-throttle, i-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-Traps, njl.; Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, yahlulwe ibe yi-alloy yobhedu, intsimbi, intsimbi ye-carbon, i-alloy steel, i-austenitic steel, i-ferritic-austenitic ye-dual-phase steel, i-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel, i-titanium alloy, iiplastiki zobunjineli kunye neevalvu ze-ceramic, njl. , kukho iivalvu ezikhethekileyo ezinjengee-ultra-high pressure valves, vacuum valves, iivalvu zesikhululo samandla, iivalvu zemibhobho nemibhobho, iivalvu zoshishino lwenyukliya, iivalvu zeenqanawa kunye neevalvu ezikhalayo. Uluhlu olubanzi lweeparamitha zevalve, ubungakanani begama ukusuka kwi-DN1 (iyunithi kwi-mm) ukuya kwi-DN9750; Uxinzelelo lwegama ukusuka kwi-ultra-vacuum ye-1× I-10-10 mmHg (1mmHg = 133.322Pa) ukuya kwi-ultra-high pressure ye-PN14600 (iyunithi ye-105 Pa); Ubushushu bokusebenza buvela kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kakhulu -269℃ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu le-1200℃.
Iimveliso zevalvu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oqoqosho lwesizwe, anje nge-oyile, irhasi yendalo, ukusulungekiswa kwe-oyile negesi kunye nokusetyenzwa kunye nemibhobho yothutho, iimveliso zekhemikhali, iinkqubo zokuvelisa amayeza nokutya, amandla ombane, amandla ashushu kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla enyukliya; Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zevalvu zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nokubonelela ngombane, iinkqubo zokuvelisa isinyithi, iinkqubo zolwelo kwiinqanawa, izithuthi, iinqwelomoya kunye noomatshini abahlukeneyo bezemidlalo, kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kunye nokukhupha amanzi kwiifama. Ukongezelela, kwiinkalo zobuchwepheshe obutsha ezifana nokukhusela kunye ne-aerospace, iivalve ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezikhethekileyo nazo zisetyenziswa.
Iimveliso zevalvu zithatha umlinganiselo omkhulu weemveliso zoomatshini. Ngokwezibalo zamazwe angaphandle aphuhlileyo, ixabiso leevalvu libalelwa kwi-5% yexabiso lemveliso yoshishino loomatshini. Ngokwezibalo, iziko lamandla enyukliya eliqhelekileyo elenziwe zizigidi ezibini zeekhilowathi zineevalvu ekwabelwana ngazo malunga nama-28,000, apho malunga ne-12,000 zizivalo zesiqithi senyukliya. I-petrochemical complex yanamhlanje ifuna amakhulu amawaka eevalvu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye utyalo-mali kwiivalvu lubalelwa kwi-8% ukuya kwi-10% yotyalo-mali lulonke kwizixhobo.
Imeko ngokubanzi yoshishino lwevalvu kwiChina yakudala
01 Indawo yokuzalwa yoshishino lwevalvu yaseTshayina: eShanghai
KwiChina yakudala, iShanghai yayiyindawo yokuqala yokwenza iivalvu eTshayina. Ngomnyaka we-1902, iPan Shunji Copper Workshop, ekwindlela iWuchang, kwiSithili saseHongkou, eShanghai, yaqala ukwenza iibhetshi ezincinci zompompo weti yeti ngesandla. Itephu yeti luhlobo lwenkuku ephoswe ngobhedu. Ngoyena mvelisi wevalvu wokuqala e-China owaziwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ngo-1919, iDeda (Shengji) Hardware Factory (umanduleli weShanghai Transmission Machinery Factory) yaqalisa ngebhayisekile encinci yaza yaqalisa ukuvelisa amaqhagi obhedu anobubanzi obuncinci, iivalvu zeglowubhu, iivalvu zesango kunye nezixhobo zokucima umlilo. Ukuveliswa kweentsimbi zentsimbi kwaqala ngo-1926, kunye nobukhulu bobukhulu begama le-NPS6 (ngama-intshi, i-NPS1 = DN25.4). Ngeli xesha, iifektri zehardware ezifana neWang Yingqiang, iDahua, iLao Demao kunye neMaoxu nazo zavulwa ukwenza iivalve. Emva koko, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yeevalvu zemibhobho yamanzi kwimarike, enye ibhetshi yeefektri zentsimbi, iifektri zentsimbi, iifektri zesanti (zokuphosa) kunye neefektri zoomatshini zavulwa ukwenza iivalvu emva kwenye.
Iqela lokwenziwa kweevalvu zenziwa kwiindawo zaseZhonghongqiao, Waihongqiao, Daming Road kunye neChangzhi Road kwiSithili saseHongkou, eShanghai. Ngelo xesha, iimpawu ezithengiswa kakhulu kwiimarike zasekhaya zaziyi "Intloko yeHashe", "IziThathu 8", "Ezintathu 9", "Iingqekembe ezimbini", "Iron Anchor", "Ibhola yenkukhu" kunye ne "Eagle Ball". Iimveliso zobhedu oluphantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye neevalvu zentsimbi zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu iivalvu zemibhobho kwizakhiwo kunye nezibonelelo zococeko, kunye nenani elincinci leentsimbi ezityhidiweyo zikwasetyenziswa kwicandelo loshishino lwamalaphu olula. Ezi mizi-mveliso zincinci kakhulu ngokwesikali, zinobuchwephesha obungasemva, izixhobo zezityalo ezilula kunye nemveliso yevalvu ephantsi, kodwa zezona ndawo zazalelwa kuzo kwishishini levalvu yaseTshayina. Kamva, emva kokusekwa kwe-Shanghai Construction Hardware Association, aba bavelisi be-valve baye bajoyina umbutho omnye emva komnye kwaye babe liqela lendlela yamanzi. ilungu.
02Izityalo ezimbini zokuvelisa iivalvu ezinkulu
Ekuqaleni kuka-1930, iShanghai Shenhe Machinery Factory yenza iivalvu zesango lentsimbi eziphantsi koxinzelelo oluphantsi kwe-NPS12 kwimisebenzi yamanzi. Ngo-1935, umzi-mveliso waseka intsebenziswano kunye ne-Xiangfeng Iron Pipe Factory kunye ne-Xiangtai Iron Co., Ltd. abaninizabelo ukwakha i-Daxin Iron Factory (umanduleli we-Shanghai Bicycle Factory), ngo-1936 Yagqitywa kwaye yafakwa kwimveliso, kukho abasebenzi abaphantse babe li-100. , kunye ne-2.6 zhang engeniswe ngaphandle (1 zhang≈3.33m) iileyile kunye nezixhobo zokuphakamisa, ikakhulu ukuvelisa izincedisi zemizi-mveliso kunye nemigodi, imibhobho yamanzi etyhidiweyo kunye neevalvu zentsimbi, ubukhulu begama levalve yiNPS6 ~ NPS18, kwaye Inokuyila kwaye ibonelele ngeeseti ezipheleleyo zeevalvu zezityalo zamanzi, kwaye iimveliso zithunyelwa eNanjing, Hangzhou naseBeijing. Emva “kwe-13 ka-Agasti” abahlaseli baseJapan bathimba iShanghai ngowe-1937, uninzi lwezixhobo nezixhobo kumzi-mveliso zatshatyalaliswa ngumlilo waseJapan. Kunyaka olandelayo yandisiwe inkunzi yaza yaphinda yaqalisa umsebenzi. I-NPS14 ~ I-NPS36 iivalvu zesango lentsimbi, kodwa ngenxa yokudakumba kwezoqoqosho, ishishini elicothayo, kunye nokudendwa ngokungqongqo, abakhange bakwazi ukuphinda baphile de kwangaphambi kokusekwa kwe-New China.
Ngo-1935, abaninizabelo abahlanu kuquka uLi Chenghai, usomashishini welizwe, ngokudibeneyo waseka i-Shenyang Chengfa Iron Factory (umanduleli we-Tieling Valve Factory) eShishiwei Road, kwiSithili saseNancheng, kwisiXeko saseShenyang. Lungisa kwaye wenze iivalvu. Ngo-1939, umzi-mveliso wafuduselwa eBeierma Road, kwiSithili saseTiexi ukuze kwandiswe, kwaye kwakhiwa iindibano zocweyo ezimbini ezinkulu zokusasa kunye nokwenza oomatshini. Ngo-1945, yayikhule yaba ngabasebenzi abangama-400, kwaye iimveliso zayo eziphambili yayizezi: iibhoyila ezinkulu, iivalve zobhedu eziphoswe phantsi, kunye neevalvu zesango lentsimbi elingaphantsi komhlaba ezinobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-DN800. IShenyang Chengfa Iron Factory ngumvelisi wevalvu ozama ukuphila kwiChina yakudala.
03Ishishini levalvu ngasemva
Ngexesha leMfazwe echasene namaJapani, amashishini amaninzi eShanghai nakwezinye iindawo afudukela emazantsi-ntshona, ngoko ke inani lamashishini eChongqing nakwezinye iindawo ezikummandla ongasemva lenyuka, kwaye ishishini laqala ukukhula. Ngo-1943, i-Chongqing Hongtai Machinery Factory kunye ne-Huachang Machinery Factory (zombini iifektri yayingabanduleli be-Chongqing Valve Factory) yaqala ukulungisa nokwenza iindawo zemibhobho yamanzi kunye neevalvu ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ezidlale indima enkulu ekuphuhliseni imveliso yexesha lemfazwe ngasemva kunye nesombululo labantu. iivalve. Emva koloyiso lweMfazwe yaseJapan, iLisheng Hardware Factory, iZhenxing Industrial Society, iJinshunhe Hardware Factory kunye neQiyi Hardware Factory yavulwa ngokulandelelana ukuvelisa izivalo ezincinci. Emva kokusekwa kwe-China eNtsha, ezi fektri zadityaniswa kwi-Chongqing Valve Factory.
Ngelo xesha, abanyeabavelisi bevalvue Shanghai kwakhona waya Tianjin, Nanjing kunye Wuxi ukwakha iifektri ukulungisa kunye nokwenza iivalvu. Ezinye iifektri zehardware, iifektri zombhobho wentsimbi, iifektri zoomatshini okanye iindawo zeenqanawa eBeijing, eDalian, eChangchun, eHarbin, eAnshan, eQingdao, eWuhan, eFuzhou naseGuangzhou nazo zibandakanyeke ekulungiseni nasekwenzeni iivalvu zemibhobho yamanzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2022
