Inqanaba lokuqala leshishini le-valve (1949-1959)
I-0
Ixesha ukusuka ngo-1949 ukuya ku-1952 yayilixesha lokuchacha kwelizwe lam. Ngenxa yeemfuno zokwakhiwa kwezoqoqosho, ilizwe lifuna ngokungxamisekileyo inani elikhulu leivali, hayi kuphelaI-valves yoxinzelelo eziphantsi. Indlela yokucwangcisa imveliso yeVODVE ukuze ifezekise iimfuno ezingxamisekileyo zelizwe ngumsebenzi onzima nonobunzima.
1. Isikhokelo kunye neNkxaso yeNkxaso
Ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-nkqubo wemveliso "yokuphuhlisa, ukuqhubela phambili uqoqosho, kuthathelwe ingqalelo uluntu kwaye kuxhamle indlela yokusebenza kunye nokuxhasa amashishini amancinci kunye nokuvelisa i-valves. Ngomhla wokusungulwa kweRiphabliki yase China, umzi-mveliso waseShenyang Chengfa ivale ishishini layo ngenxa yeemveliso zalo, eshiya abasebenzi bemveliso, beshiya izixhobo ezili-14 kuphela ukuba balondoloze iindleko. Emva kokusekwa kwe-china entsha, ngenkxaso yoorhulumente base-Afrika, imveliso eyayiselweyo, kunye nenani labasebenzi kwalo nyaka linyuke ukusuka kwi-7 ukuya kwi-96 xa kuqalisa. Emva koko, umzi-mveliso wamkela ukuqhubekeka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwinkampani ye-Shenyang Shinarer, kwaye imveliso ithathe inkangeleko entsha. Inani labasebenzi linyuke laya kuthi ga kuma-329, liphuma kwi-610 yeeseti zonyaka zeValvu ezahlukeneyo, ngexabiso lokuphuma li-830 000 yuan. Ngexesha elifanayo eShanghai, hayi kuphela amashishini abucala avelise i-valves emva koko, kodwa abuyiselwe i-valls kumashishini amancinci asebusweni avula okanye atshintshelwe i-valves, eyenza umbutho wamaxabiso omsebenzi welo xesha wandisa ngokukhawuleza.
I-2. Ukuthengwa kunye nokuthengisa, ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kwe-valve
Ngenani elikhulu lamashishini abucala ajika kwimveliso ye-valve, umbutho woqobo weShanghai woLwakhiwo akakwazanga ukufezekisa iimfuno zophuhliso. Ngo-1951, umvelisi we-shanghai wevalini asekwe i-6 yokuhambisa uVentsus ukwenza inkampani yokuthenga kunye noku-odola inkampani yokuthenga ye-Shanghai, kunye nokuthengwa kwentengiso kunye nokuthengisa. Umzekelo, i-daxin iron isebenza, enza umsebenzi we-valves enkulu yexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye uYunda, u-Zhongxin, oxhaswa yi-vanggong yoomatshini boomasipala baseMpuma China kunye ne-phring ipeyinti. Phantsi kwesikhokelo sePetroleum Ulawulo lweCandelo loMphathiswa Wezemizi-mveliso, ii-odolo ngqo ziyaphunyezwa, emva koko zijike ii-odolo zokulungisa. Urhulumente wabantu uye wanceda amashishini abucala ukoyisa ubunzima kwimveliso kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo othengiweyo we-veve, kwaye bathumele imbandezelo ye-Veveris, abasemva kwemveliso yamashishini, abasemva kwentsimbi kunye namabala e-oyile ukuya kuqalisa ukuvelisa.
3. Ukuphuhliswa kokubuyiselwa kweenkonzo zokwakha zoqoqosho zikazwelonke
Kwisicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu sokuqala, urhulumente uchonge iiprojekthi ezi-156 zokwakha, ekubuyiseleni intsimi yeoyile ye-YUMN kunye ne-ANTAn i-Iron kunye neMveliso yeNkampani ye-Ansan ziiprojekthi ezimbini ezinkulu. Ukuze uqhubeke kwakhona imveliso kwi-Oyile yeoyile ye-YUME ngokukhawuleza, i-Petroleum Boreau yeCandelo loMphathiswa Wezonxibelelwano Imveliso ye-Petroleum i-Shanghai. Umzi-mveliso weShanghai Jinlong Shoreware Homedwar kunye nabanye benze umsebenzi wokuvavanywa kwe-valt yensimbi ephakathi. Kuyacingelwa ukucinga ukuba ubunzima bokuvavanywa kwexabiso eliphakathi nge-valves yendlela yendibano encinci. Ezinye iintlobo zinokuxeliswa kuphela ngokweempuluni ezibonelelwe ngabasebenzisi, kwaye izinto zokwenyani ziphononongiwe kwaye zenziwe. Ekubeni umgangatho weefisithi zensimbi awuzange ulunge ngokwaneleyo, i-versing valve ye-valve yentsimbi kwakufuneka itshintshelwe. Ngelo xesha, kwakungekho kutyuqheli ukufa kwi-oblique Hole Fool I-Glober Burquer, ngenxa yoko inokuthi ifakwe ngesandla, emva koko ilungiswe ngokomzimba. Emva kokuyisa ubunzima obuninzi, ekugqibeleni siphumelele kwimveliso ye-NPS3 / 8 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i-NPS-~ NPS Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1952, uShanghai Yuanta, Zhongxin, Weiye, Lianggong kunye nezinye iiNtloko zeSpeel Vallic yePetroleum. Ngelo xesha, uloyiso lweSoviet Wes kunye neMigangatho yasetyenziswa, kwaye amagcisa afundwe ngokwenza, kwaye owoyisa ubunzima obuninzi kwimveliso. Ukuveliswa kovavanyo lukaShanghai, intsholongwane yentsimbi yaye yacwangciswa yinkonzo yePetroleum, kwaye yafumana intsebenziswano yeefektri ezahlukeneyo eShanghai. Umzi-mveliso wase-Asiya (ngoku umzi-mveliso wokulungisa umatshini weShanghai) unikezele ngemizi-mveliso yensimbi, kwaye i-Sifang Boiler Boiler incedise ekuqhubeni. Olu vavanyo luye lwaphumelela ukuveliswa kwetyala le-protoftype ye-valve yentsimbi, kwaye ngoko nangoko icwangcise imveliso enkulu kwaye yathumela kwi-YUME ye-Olimen ye-Olimed yokusetyenziswa ngexesha. Kwangelo xesha, i-Shenyang Chengfa i-Iron isebenza kwaye uShanghai Daxin Iron isebenzaI-valves ephantsiNgobukhulu obukhulu bokutyunjwa kwezityalo zamandla, i-chann yentsimbi kunye nenkampani yensimbi yokuqalisa ukuvelisa kunye nokwakha ezidolophini.
Ngexesha lokufumana uqoqosho lweSizwe, ishishini lam le-valve liye laphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-1949, iziphumo zeValve yayikukuba ngu-387T kuphela, owandayo ukuya kwi-1015t ngo-1952.
I-02I-valve iqalile
Ngo-1953, ilizwe lam laqala isicwangciso sayo seminyaka emihlanu, kunye namacandelo ophuhliso anjengePetroleum, ishishini lekhemikhali, i-metallgerger, amandla ombane kunye namalahle wonke akhawulezise isantya sophuhliso. Ngeli xesha, imfuneko yeValves iyandiswa. Ngelo xesha, nangona bekukho inani elikhulu leefektri zabucala ezivelisa iivalves, amandla abo obuchwephesha bebuthathaka, izixhobo zabo zapheshelwa, iziphene zabo zazincinci, kwaye zasasazeka kakhulu. Ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zophuhliso olukhawulezileyo koqoqosho lwesizwe, inkonzo yokuqala yoomatshini ishishini (ekubhekiswe kulo njengoko inkonzo yokuqala yoomatshini) iyaqhubeka nokulungelelanisa ishishini labucala kunye nokwandisa i-velove yemveliso. Kwangelo xesha, kukho izicwangciso kunye namanyathelo okwakha i-backbone kunye neevila eziphambili. I-Enterprise, ishishini lam le-valve liqale ukuqala.
1. Ukulungelelaniswa kwakhona kwemveliso ye-Voalve yeSibini kwi-shanghai
Emva kokusekwa kwe-china entsha, i-Party iphumeze umgaqo-nkqubo we "Ukusetyenziswa, ukuthintelwa" kwishishini longxowankulu kunye nezorhwebo.
Kwavela ukuba kukho iifektri ezingama-60 okanye ezingama-70 e-shanghai. Ezona fektroli zinobuninzi babantu abangama-20 ukuya kwangama-30, kwaye elincinci kuphela kubantu abambalwa. Nangona ezi feksti zeValve zivelisa i-valves, itekhnoloji yabo kunye nabaphathi bazo zibuyela umva, izixhobo kunye nezakhiwo zefektri zilula, kwaye iindlela zemveliso zilula. Abanye banamalethes enye okanye ezimbini ezilula okanye izixhobo zomatshini webhanti, kwaye kukho kuphela iziko elinembeko elibetheke, uninzi lwabantu luyasebenza ngesandla. , ngaphandle kokufumana amandla kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya. Le meko ayifanelekanga kwimveliso yanamhlanje, kwaye ayinakho ukufezekisa iimfuno zemveliso ecwangcisiweyo yelizwe, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukulawula umgangatho weemveliso ze-valve. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, urhulumente womasipala waseShanghai wenze ukuba abavelisi beVoveve baseShangve baseShanghai, kwaye baseka i-shanghai pipches wipile. 1, 2, 2, 2, 6 kunye namanye amashishini aphambili. Ukudibanisa oku kungasentla, ulawulo olusentla ngokweetekhnoloji, nto leyo ehlanganisana ngokufanelekileyo nangokuziphatha okuhlangeneyo, oko kukwenza inzondelelo yabasebenzi ukwakha intlalontle, olu sisiseko sokuqala se-valve.
Emva kwentsebenziswano yoluntu-yabucala ngo-1956, ishishini le-vanve eShanghai lawenza uhlengahlengiso lwesibini kunye nolwakhiwo lomizi-mveliso malunga nenkampani ye-Shanghai, kunye nenkampani ye-Petroleum yomatshini weNkampani yoMatshini we-Shanghai, iNkampani yoMatshini yePetroleum yenziwa. Inkampani ye-valve idityaniswe kwi-Yuanda, iRongfa, Zhongxin, Jinlong, uTungxng, Yuncin, Jinfa, kunye ne-xie, i-jinfa, kunye ne-xie, jinfa, kunye ne-xie, i-jie, kunye ne-xie, kunye ne-xie, jinfa, kunye ne-xie, i-jie, kunye ne-xie. Kukho malunga nemicimbi engama-20 ephakathi eDalian, uYuchang, Deda, njl njl. Isebe leqela kunye neengcambu zengca ezihlanganisiweyo zeManyano yasekwa kwisityalo esiphakathi. Urhulumente wamkela abameli boluntu ukuba ahlukane nomsebenzi wolawulo, kwaye amiselwe ngokubhekisele kwimveliso, kunye nemibutho yeshishini, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe babesebenzisa iindlela zolawulo lwamashishini aphantsi. Kwangelo xesha, indawo kaShenyang ikwadityaniswa neefektri ezincinci ezingama-21 kwi-chengfaI-Palve yesangoUmzi-mveliso. Ukusukela ngoko, urhulumente wazise ukuveliswa kwamashishini amancinci naphakathi kwisicwangciso sobuchule kuzwelonke ngeearhente zolawulo kuwo onke amanqanaba, kwaye ucwangcisile kwaye ucwangcisiwe kwaye ucwangcisiwe kwaye ucwangcisiwe kwaye ucwangcise kwaye ucwangcise kwaye ucwangcisiwe kwaye ucwangcisiwe ne-vemove ye-valve. Olu lutshintsho kulawulo lwemveliso yamashishini evalve ukusukela oko ukufundiswa kweTshayina.
I-2. I-Shenyang Commact Shicings iguqulwe kwimveliso yevali
Kwangelo xesha njengokuqulunqwa komenzi weValve eShanghai, umatshini wokuqala womatshini wahlulele ukuveliswa kweemveliso zomzi-mveliso ngamnye odibeneyo, kwaye wacacisa umkhombandlela wemveliso odibeneyo kunye neefektri ezinkulu ezizezinye. Umzi mveliso weShenyang Comstry waguqulwa waba ngumvelisi wevalve oqeqeshiweyo. ishishini. Umzi-mveliso wangaphambili womzi-mveliso yayili-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Pseudo-yeShedyuli. Emva kokusungulwa kwe-china entsha, umzi-mveliso wavelisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zomatshini kunye namalungu emibhobho. Ngo-1953, yaqala ukuvelisa oomatshini bokusebenza. Ngo-1954, xa yayisempilweni ngokuthe ngqo phantsi kolawulo lwe-ofisi yokuqala yoomatshini, yayinabasebenzi abayi-1,585 kunye ne-147 yoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye inomgangatho wokuvelisa intsimbi, kwaye amandla obuchwephesha abomelele. Ukususela ngo-1955, ukuze kulungelelaniswe kuphuhliso lwesiCwangciso seSizwe, iguqulwe ngokucacileyo kwiveli, iphinde yakhiwe kwakhona iworkshop, ikwiindibano zocweyo zensimbi, kwaye zasungula amalabhorithi ephakathi kunye nesikhululo sokuqinisekisa i-welding. Abanye oochwephesha batshintshelwa kwi-Shenyang Pump Pump. Ngo-1956, 837t yeI-valves yoxinzelelo eziphantsizaveliswa, kwaye ukuveliswa kwesininzi kweeValves eziPhezulu neziPhakamileyo zaqala. Ngo-1959, i-4213T ye-valves yaveliswa, kubandakanya i-1291T yeevali eziphezulu neziphakathi. Ngo-1962, kwathiwayiswa nguShenyang Volini valver Proper Palve Palve Villve Palve kwaye yaba lelinye lamashishini amakhulu e-backbone kwishishini le-valve.
I-3. Indawo yokuqala yemveliso ye-valve
Kwiintsuku zokuqala zokufundiswa kwe-china elitsha, ukuveliswa kweveni yam yelizwe kwakusonjululwa ngokusebenzisana kunye neemfazwe. Kwithuba elithi "le-theap enkulu ngaphambili Iziphumo zeValve: 387t ngo-1949, 8126t ngo-1956, 49746, i-128.5 amaxesha ngo-1959, kunye ne-6.1 xa kwakusekwa ntwasani yoluntu-yabucala. Ukuveliswa kweeValves eziPhezulu kunye nePhakamileyo zaqala emva kwexesha, kwaye ukuveliswa kwesininzi kwaqala ngo-1956, kunye nemveliso yonyaka ye-175t. Ngo-1959, iziphumo zifikelela kwi-1799t, ezazingamaxesha ayi-10,3. Ngo-1955, uShanghai Lianggong Valve Proper Proper ngempumelelo I-Shanghai Yuanda, Zhongxin, Weiye, Rongfa kunye neminye imizi-mveliso yomatshini eveliswa yintsimbi, enamabala ensimbi kunye ne-valimu ephakathi kunye nezichumiso izityalo ze-oyile ze-PN160 kunye ne-PN320; Ifektri yeShenyang Country Spripy kunye noMzi-mveliso weSuzhou (umzi-mveliso waseSuzhou (umgama ophambili we-Suzhou Valve Palve Palve-ivelise i-valve echungelweyo yomzi-mveliso we-jilin weshishini; Umzi-mveliso we-Shenyang Chengfa I-Iron I-Iron Iteet-ivelise ivalve yesango enobukhulu be-DN3000. Yeyona valve inkulu kakhulu nelanga kakhulu eTshayina ngelo xesha; Umzi mveliso we-Shenyang Comstry oPhakathi ngempumelelo-Ukuveliswa kweevali ze-ultra-~ DN10 kunye noxinzelelo olufanelekileyo lwe-PN1500 ~ pn2000 yesixhobo esiphezulu se-Pelithylene. Umzi-mveliso we-shanghai daxin uveliswe kumzi-mveliso we-mettellical i-valve enamaqondo eqondo lomoya elinamaqondo aphezulu e-DN600 kunye ne-valve ye-DN900; Umzi-mveliso we-valian valve, umzi-mveliso we-valve, njl. Njl. Ukonyuka kohlobo kunye nobungakanani beevalves kukhuthaze ukuphuculwa komzi mveliso wevali. Ingakumbi kunye neemfuno zokwakha "zoMzi-mveliso" oQhelekileyo we-theap off ", iifektri ezincinci zevalve eziphakathi kunye nephakathi ziye zanyusa lonke ilizwe. Ngo-1958, amashishini okuvelisa i-valve ye-valve afikile ikhulu, enze iqela elikhulu lemveliso. Ngo-1958, iziphumo ze-valve zinyukela ukuya kwi-24,163t, ukunyuka kwe-80% ngaphezulu kowe-1957; Ngeli xesha lexesha, ukuveliswa kwendawo yam yelizwe yayinencam yakhe yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuphehlelelwa kwabavelisi bevelve, ikwazise uthotho lweengxaki. Umzekelo: Kuphela kukulandela ubungakanani, hayi umgangatho; "Ukwenza amancinci kwaye enze ezinkulu, iindlela zasekhaya", ukunqongophala kweemeko zetekhnoloji; uyilo ngelixa usenza, ukunqongophala kweekhonsepthi ezisemgangathweni; Ikopi kunye nekopi, ebangela ukudideka kobuchwephesha. Ngenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo yawo eyahlukeneyo, nganye ineeseti zezitayile ezahlukeneyo. Isigama seevalves asiziindawo ezifanayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye uxinzelelo oluthile kunye nochungechunge olungeyongo-mali aluhambelani. Ezinye iifektri zibhekisa kwimigangatho yeSoviet, abanye babhekisa kwimigangatho yaseJapan, kwaye abanye babhekisa kwimigangatho yaseMelika kunye neBritane. Ukudideka kakhulu. Ngokuphathelele kwiintlobo, imigaqo-nkqubo, ubude boqhagamshelo, iimeko zovavanyo, imigangatho yovavanyo, amanqaku epeyinti, umzimba kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho aziphucukanga, kwaye izibonelelo zoqoqosho aziphucukanga. Imeko ngelo xesha yayikukusasazeka, iziphithiphithi, kwaye iphantsi ", le, inkqubo yolawulo lwe-valic yasasazeka kuyo yonke indawo, ukunqongophala kwemveliso. Ukwenzela ukubuyisela le meko, urhulumente wagqiba kwelokuba alungiselele abasebenzi abafanelekileyo ukuba benze uvavanyo lwemveliso kazwelonkeivalveishishini.
4. Uvavanyo lweNdawo yeSizwe yeValve Valve
Ukuze ufumanise imeko yevelva, ngo-1958, i-Bureaus yokuqala neyesithathu yesebe lokuqala lomatshini wokuqala ilungiselele indalo ye-veve ye-veli. Iqela lophando laya kwimimandla emi-4 kunye needolophu ezingama-24 kumantla ntshona i-China, emantla China, eMpuma China kunye ne-China eMzantsi China ukuqhuba iifekthi ezibanzi kwiifekthi ezingama-90 zevalve. Olu luhlobo lokuqala lwe-valve kwilizwe lonke ukusukela oko ukusungulwa kweRiphabliki yaseTshayina. Ngelo xesha, uhlolisiso lujolise kubavelisi bevalve enemizi-mveliso kunye neenkcazo ze-Shenyang Cram, umzi-mveliso wase-Shenyau Conves, kunye neValve yaseDalian. Umzi-mveliso, i-Beijing Hardiware Sudiled (i-Shangding Valve Valve), umzi-mveliso we-vanve valve, i-vangving valve e-shangve kunye ne-changve pipeliline 1, 4, 5 ne-6 yeefektri, njl.
Ngophando, ezona ngxaki ziphambili kwimveliso yeValve ziye zafunyanwa ngokusisiseko:
1) Ukunqongophala kokucwangciswa ngokubanzi kunye nokwahlula-hlulwa okusebenzayo, okukhokelela ekuvenisweni okuphindaphindiweyo kwaye kuchaphazele amandla okuvelisa.
2) Imigangatho yemveliso ye-valve ayifaniswanga, ebangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekukhetheni komsebenzisi kunye nokugcinwa.
3) Isiseko sommiselo kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlola sihlwempuzeke kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho weemveliso zeVove kunye nemveliso yobuninzi.
Ukuphendula kwezi ngxaki zingasentla, iqela lophando libeka phambili amanyathelo amathathu kwi-Mirestries kunye ne-Buream, kubandakanya ukomeleza ukucwangciswa ngokubanzi, ukwahlula-hlulo lomeleza ukucwangciswa kunye nokucwangciswa kwemveliso; Ukomeleza ukubekwa emgangathweni kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlola umzimba kunye neekhemikhali, ukuqulunqa iMigangatho yeHlowu. nokwenza uphando lovavanyo. 1. Iinkokeli zeZiko lesi-3 ziquka ukubaluleka okukhulu koku. Okokuqala, bagxile kumsebenzi wokubekwa emgangathweni. Baphathwa ngoPhando lweTekhnoloji yoMatshini boomatshini boomatshini bokulungelelanisa abavelisi be-valieli abafanelekileyo bokuqulunqa uyilo lwemibhobho ekhutshwe nguMphathiswa wePhili, eyaphunyezwayo kwaye iprinte incwadana yoyilo ". Umda we-pipeline ohlulelwe bubulungiseleli yibhendi yokuqala ye-veli kwilizwe lam, kwaye i-"valve yoyilo" yindawo yokuqala yoyilo lweValve equlunqwa, edlale i-valve yoyilo lwe-valve yelizwe lam. Ngolu vavanyo lwelizwe lonke, i-rubex yophuhliso lwamashishini am evali yelizwe kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo ifunyenwe, kwaye amanyathelo asebenzayo kunye nenqanaba lemigangatho. Itekhnoloji yemveliso yathatha inyathelo elikhulu phambili kwaye yaqala ukufaka inqanaba elitsha lokuzila kunye nombutho wemveliso yobuninzi.
Isishwankathelo se-03
Ukususela ngo-1949 ukuya ku-1959, ilizwe lamivalveUmzi mveliso waphinda waphinda waphinda waphinda wafumana umdaka we-china endala kwaye waqala ukuqala; Kulondolozo, ukuxelisa ukuzenzadNgena nokwenza, ekwenzeni i-valve yoxinzelelo ephantsi kwimveliso yeeValve eziPhezulu nephakathi, zazenzela ishishini lokwenza i-valve. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwesantya semveliso, kukho neengxaki ezithile. Kuba ifakwe kwiSicwangciso seSizwe, phantsi kolawulo oluphakathi koomatshini boomatshini, unobangela wengxaki ufunyenwe ukwenza i-veti yolwakhiwo loqoqosho, kunye nophuhliso lomzi mveliso we-valve. Kwaye ukumila kwemibutho yemveliso kumise isiseko esihle.
I-Post Tight: Jul-27-2022
