Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye neentlobo ezintsonkothileyo zeiivalvu, kuquka ikakhulu iivalvu zesango, iivalvu zeglobhu, iivalvu zethrottle, iivalvu zebhabhathane, iivalvu zeplagi, iivalvu zebhola, iivalvu zombane, iivalvu zediaphragm, iivalvu zokujonga, iivalvu zokhuseleko, iivalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo, iitraphu zomphunga kunye neevalvu zokuvala ezingxamisekileyo, njl.njl., ezisetyenziswa rhoqo njengevalvu yesango, ivalvu yeglobhu, ivalvu yethrottle, ivalvu yeplagi, ivalvu yebhabhathane, ivalvu yebhola, ivalvu yokujonga, ivalvu yediaphragm.
1 Ivalvu yebhabhathane
Ivalvu yebhabhathane ngumsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala wepleyiti yebhabhathane onokugqitywa ngokujikeleza i-90° ujikeleze i-axis esisigxina emzimbeni wevalvu. Ivalvu yebhabhathane incinci ngobukhulu, ilula ngobunzima kwaye ilula ngesakhiwo, kwaye inamacandelo ambalwa kuphela. Kwaye kufuneka ijikeleze i-90° kuphela; inokuvulwa kwaye ivalwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukusebenza kulula. Xa ivalvu yebhabhathane ikwindawo evulekileyo ngokupheleleyo, ubukhulu bepleyiti yebhabhathane yeyona ndlela yokumelana xa i-medium idlula emzimbeni wevalvu, ngoko ke ukuhla koxinzelelo oluveliswa yivalvu kuncinci kakhulu, ngoko ke ineempawu zokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ezingcono. Ivalvu yebhabhathane yahlulwe yaba sisitywino esithambileyo se-elastic kunye nesitywino sesinyithi esiqinileyo. Ivalvu yokutywina ye-elastic, iringi yokutywina ingafakwa emzimbeni wevalvu okanye incamathiselwe kumda wediski, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, okunokusetyenziselwa ukuthomalalisa, imibhobho ye-vacuum ephakathi kunye nemidiya ebolileyo. Iivalvu ezinezitywino zesinyithi zihlala ixesha elide kunezo zinezitywino ze-elastic, kodwa kunzima ukufikelela ekutywineni ngokupheleleyo. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinotshintsho olukhulu ekuhambeni nasekuthomeni kwaye zifuna ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthomalalisa. Izitywini zesinyithi zinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza, ngelixa izitywini ze-elastic zinesiphene sokuba zilinganiselwe bubushushu.
2Ivalvu yesango
Ivalvu yesango ibhekisa kwivalvu enomzimba wayo wokuvula nokuvala (ipleyiti yevalvu) eqhutywa sisiqu sevalvu kwaye ihamba phezulu nasezantsi ecaleni komphezulu wokuvala wesihlalo sevalvu, enokudibanisa okanye inqumle indlela yokudlula kolwelo. Xa kuthelekiswa nevalvu yeglobe, ivalvu yesango inomsebenzi ongcono wokuvala, ukumelana nolwelo oluncinci, umzamo omncinci wokuvula nokuvala, kwaye inokusebenza okuthile kokulungisa. Yenye yeevalvu zebloko ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ingxaki kukuba ubungakanani bayo bukhulu, isakhiwo sayo sinzima ngakumbi kunesevalvu yeglobe, umphezulu wokuvala kulula ukuwunxiba, kwaye akulula ukuwugcina. Ngokubanzi, ayifanelekanga ukuqhoboshelwa. Ngokwendawo yomsonto kwisiqu sevalvu yesango, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: uhlobo lwentonga evulekileyo kunye nohlobo lwentonga emnyama. Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo sesango, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-wedge kunye nohlobo oluhambelanayo.
3 Ivalvu yokujonga
Ivalvu yokukhangela yivalvu enokuthintela ngokuzenzekelayo ukubuya kolwelo. I-flap yevalvu yokukhangela ivulwa phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lolwelo, kwaye ulwelo luhamba ukusuka kwicala lokungena ukuya kwicala lokukhupha. Xa uxinzelelo kwicala lokungena luphantsi kunelo kwicala lokukhupha, i-flap yevalvu iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kwesenzo somahluko woxinzelelo lolwelo, umxhuzulane wayo kunye nezinye izinto zokuthintela ulwelo ukuba lungahambi ngasemva. Ngokwesakhiwo, inokwahlulwa ibe yivalvu yokujonga ukuphakamisa kunye nevalvu yokujonga ukujikeleza. Uhlobo lokuphakamisa lusebenza ngcono ngokutywina kunye nokumelana nolwelo olukhulu kunohlobo lokujikeleza. Kwisithuba sokutsala sombhobho wokudonsa wempompo, kufuneka kukhethwe ivalvu esezantsi. Umsebenzi wayo kukugcwalisa umbhobho wokungenisa wempompo ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ipompo; gcina umbhobho wokungenisa kunye nomzimba wempompo uzaliswe ngamanzi emva kokuba ipompo imisiwe, ukuze kulungiselelwe ukuqala kwakhona. Ivalvu esezantsi ngokubanzi ifakwe kuphela kumbhobho othe nkqo wokungena kwempompo, kwaye i-medium ihamba ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.
Ivalvu yeGlobe ezi-4
Ivalvu yeglobe yivalvu evalekileyo ezantsi, kwaye ilungu lokuvula nokuvala (ivalvu) liqhutywa yisiqu sevalvu ukuze linyuke lize lihle ecaleni kwe-axis yesihlalo sevalvu (umphezulu wokutywina). Xa ithelekiswa nevalvu yesango, inomsebenzi omhle wokulungisa, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, isakhiwo esilula, ukwenziwa nokugcinwa okulula, ukumelana nolwelo olukhulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
Ivalvu yebhola ezi-5
Inxalenye yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu yebhola yingqukuva enomngxuma ojikelezayo, kwaye ingqukuva ijikeleza kunye nesiqu sevalvu ukuze kufezekiswe ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Ivalvu yebhola inesakhiwo esilula, itshintsha ngokukhawuleza, isebenza lula, inobukhulu obuncinci, inobunzima obulula, iindawo ezimbalwa, ukumelana nolwelo oluncinci, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina kunye nokugcinwa okulula.
Ivalvu yoMthombo eneentsimbi ezi-6
Ulwakhiwo lwevalvu ye-throttle lufana kakhulu nolwevalvu yeglobe ngaphandle kwediski yevalvu. Idiski yevalvu yinxalenye yokuthontelana, kwaye iimilo ezahlukeneyo zineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ububanzi besihlalo sevalvu akufuneki bube bukhulu kakhulu, kuba ukuphakama kokuvula kuncinci. Isantya sokuhamba esiphakathi siyanda, ngoko ke ikhawulezisa ukukhukuliseka kwediski yevalvu. Ivalvu ye-throttle inobukhulu obuncinci, ubunzima obulula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kohlengahlengiso, kodwa ukuchaneka kohlengahlengiso akuphezulu.
Ivalvu yeplagi ezi-7
Ivalvu yeplagi isebenzisa umzimba weplagi onomngxuma odlulayo njengenxalenye yokuvula nokuvala, kwaye umzimba weplagi ujikeleza ngesiqu sevalvu ukuze kufezekiswe ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Ivalvu yeplagi ineengenelo zesakhiwo esilula, ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza okulula, ukumelana nolwelo oluncinci, iindawo ezimbalwa kunye nobunzima obulula. Kukho iivalvu zeplagi ezithe tye, ezithe tye nezithe tye. Ivalvu yeplagi ethe tye isetyenziselwa ukusika i-medium, kwaye iivalvu zeplagi ezithe tye nezithe tye zisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha indlela ye-medium okanye ukwahlula i-medium.
Ivalvu yeDiaphragm ezi-8
Inxalenye yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu yediaphragm yidiaphragm yerabha, ebekwe phakathi komzimba wevalvu kunye nesiciko sevalvu. Inxalenye ephakathi yediaphragm inamathele kwisiqu sevalvu, kwaye umzimba wevalvu ugqunywe ngerabha. Ekubeni i-medium ingangeni ngaphakathi kwesiciko sevalvu, isiqu sevalvu asidingi bhokisi yokuzalisa. Ivalvu yediaphragm inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, ukulungiswa okulula kunye nokumelana nolwelo oluncinci. Iivalvu zediaphragm zahlulwe ngohlobo lwe-weir, uhlobo oluthe tye, uhlobo lwe-engile yasekunene kunye nohlobo lokuhamba ngqo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-12-2022
