Kubunjineli bemibhobho, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lweevalvu zombane yenye yeemeko zesiqinisekiso sokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa. Ukuba ivalvu yombane esetyenzisiweyo ayikhethwanga ngokufanelekileyo, ayizukuchaphazela kuphela ukusetyenziswa, kodwa ikwazisa nemiphumo emibi okanye ilahleko ezinkulu, ngoko ke, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lweevalvu zombane kuyilo lobunjineli bemibhobho.
Indawo yokusebenza yevalvu yombane
Ukongeza ekunikeni ingqalelo kwiiparameter zepayipi, kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiimeko zendalo esingqongileyo zokusebenza kwaso, kuba isixhobo sombane kwivalvu yombane sisixhobo se-electromechanical, kwaye imeko yaso yokusebenza ichaphazeleka kakhulu yindawo esisebenza kuyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, indawo yokusebenza yevalvu yombane yile ilandelayo:
1. Ukufakelwa ngaphakathi okanye ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle ngamanyathelo okukhusela;
2. Ukufakelwa ngaphandle emoyeni ovulekileyo, nomoya, isanti, imvula nombethe, ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokunye ukukhukuliseka komhlaba;
3. Inendawo enokutsha okanye eqhumayo yegesi okanye yothuli;
4. Indawo eshushu neyomileyo nefumileyo;
5. Ubushushu bendlela yokuhambisa umbhobho bufikelela kuma-480°C nangaphezulu;
6. Ubushushu obujikeleze umhlaba bungaphantsi kwe -20°C;
7. Kulula ukuntywiliselwa ngamanzi okanye ukuntywiliselwa emanzini;
8. Iindawo ezinezinto ezine-radioactive (izikhululo zamandla enyukliya kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya izinto ezine-radioactive);
9. Indawo engqongileyo yenqanawa okanye idokhi (enetyuwa etshizwayo, isikhunta, kunye nokufuma);
10. Izihlandlo apho kungcangcazela kakhulu;
11. Amaxesha apho umlilo udla ngokuba khona;
Kwiivalvu zombane kwiindawo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ulwakhiwo, izixhobo kunye neendlela zokukhusela izixhobo zombane zahlukile. Ke ngoko, isixhobo sombane sevalvu esifanelekileyo kufuneka sikhethwe ngokwendawo yokusebenza ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
Iimfuno zokusebenza zombaneiivalvu
Ngokweemfuno zolawulo lobunjineli, kwivalvu yombane, umsebenzi wolawulo ugqitywa sisixhobo sombane. Injongo yokusebenzisa iivalvu zombane kukufezekisa ulawulo lombane olungelulo olwesandla okanye ulawulo lwekhompyutha lokuvula, ukuvala kunye nokulungisa ukudibanisa iivalvu. Izixhobo zombane zanamhlanje azisetyenziselwa nje ukonga abasebenzi. Ngenxa yomahluko omkhulu kumsebenzi kunye nomgangatho weemveliso ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo, ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zombane kunye nokukhethwa kweevalvu kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kwiprojekthi.
Ulawulo lombane lombaneiivalvu
Ngenxa yokuphucuka okuqhubekayo kweemfuno ze-automation yemizi-mveliso, kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa kweevalvu zombane kuyanda, kwaye kwelinye icala, iimfuno zolawulo lweevalvu zombane ziya zisanda kwaye zinzima. Ke ngoko, uyilo lweevalvu zombane ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lombane nalo luhlaziywa rhoqo. Ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi netekhnoloji kunye nokusasazwa nokusetyenziswa kweekhompyutha, iindlela ezintsha nezahlukeneyo zolawulo lombane ziya kuqhubeka zivela. Kulawulo olupheleleyo lombaneivalvu, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukukhethwa kwendlela yokulawula yevalvu yombane. Umzekelo, ngokweemfuno zeprojekthi, nokuba kusetyenziswe indlela yokulawula ephakathi, okanye indlela yokulawula enye, nokuba kudityaniswe nezinye izixhobo, ulawulo lwenkqubo okanye ukusetyenziswa kolawulo lwenkqubo yekhompyutha, njl.njl., umgaqo wolawulo wahlukile. Isampulu yomenzi wezixhobo zombane zevalvu inika kuphela umgaqo wolawulo lombane oqhelekileyo, ngoko ke isebe lokusetyenziswa kufuneka lenze inkcazo yobugcisa nomenzi wezixhobo zombane kwaye licacise iimfuno zobugcisa. Ukongeza, xa ukhetha ivalvu yombane, kufuneka ucinge ukuba uthenge na umlawuli wevalvu yombane eyongezelelweyo. Kuba ngokubanzi, umlawuli kufuneka athengwe ngokwahlukeneyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, xa usebenzisa ulawulo olunye, kuyimfuneko ukuthenga umlawuli, kuba kulula ngakumbi kwaye kungabizi kakhulu ukuthenga umlawuli kunokuba uyilwe kwaye uyivelise ngumsebenzisi. Xa ukusebenza kolawulo lombane kungenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo lobunjineli, umenzi kufuneka acetyiswe ukuba atshintshe okanye ayilwe ngokutsha.
Isixhobo sombane sevalvu sisixhobo esenza inkqubo yevalvu, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo olukude*, kwaye inkqubo yaso yokushukuma inokulawulwa bubungakanani bestroke, itorque okanye i-axial thrust. Ekubeni iimpawu zokusebenza kunye nesantya sokusetyenziswa kwe-valve actuator sixhomekeke kuhlobo lwevalvu, iinkcukacha zokusebenza zesixhobo, kunye nendawo yevalvu kumbhobho okanye kwisixhobo, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-valve actuator lubalulekile ukuthintela ukugqithiswa (itorque esebenzayo iphezulu kune-torque yokulawula). Ngokubanzi, isiseko sokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo kwezixhobo zombane zevalvu zezi zilandelayo:
I-torque yokusebenza I-torque yokusebenza yeyona parameter iphambili yokukhetha isixhobo sombane sevalvu, kwaye i-torque yokukhupha yesixhobo sombane kufuneka ibe yi-1.2 ~ 1.5 amaxesha ye-torque yokusebenza yevalvu.
Kukho izakhiwo ezimbini eziphambili zoomatshini bokusebenzisa isixhobo sombane sevalvu yokutyhala: enye ayinayo idiski yokutyhala kwaye ikhupha i-torque ngokuthe ngqo; Enye kukumisela ipleyiti yokutyhala, kwaye i-torque yokuphuma iguqulwa ibe yi-output thrust nge-stem nut kwipleyiti yokutyhala.
Inani lokujika okujikelezayo kwe-output shaft yesixhobo sombane sevalvu linxulumene nobubanzi obuqhelekileyo bevalvu, i-pitch yesiqu kunye nenani lemisonto, ekufuneka ibalwe ngokwe-M=H/ZS (u-M linani lilonke lokujika elifanele lidibane nesixhobo sombane, u-H bubude bokuvula kwevalvu, u-S bububanzi bomsonto we-valve stem transmission, kwaye u-Z linani leentloko ezinemisonto zeivalvuisiqu).
Ukuba ububanzi besiqu esikhulu esivunyelwe sisixhobo sombane abukwazi ukudlula kwisiqu sevalvu exhotyisiweyo, abunakudityaniswa bube yivalvu yombane. Ke ngoko, ububanzi bangaphakathi bomngxuma ophumayo ongenanto we-actuator kufuneka bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle besiqu sevalvu yentonga evulekileyo. Kwivalvu yentonga emnyama kwivalvu ejikelezayo engaphelelanga kunye nevalvu ejika-jika emininzi, nangona ingxaki yokudlula kobubanzi besiqu sevalvu ingaqwalaselwanga, ububanzi besiqu sevalvu kunye nobukhulu bendlela engundoqo kufuneka buqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo xa kukhethwa, ukuze isebenze ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokuhlanganiswa.
Ukuba isantya sokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu yesantya sokuphuma sikhawuleza kakhulu, kulula ukuvelisa ihamile yamanzi. Ke ngoko, isantya sokuvula nokuvala esifanelekileyo kufuneka sikhethwe ngokweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.
Ii-actuator zevalvu zinemfuno zazo ezikhethekileyo, oko kukuthi, kufuneka zikwazi ukuchaza amandla e-torque okanye e-axial.ivalvuIi-actuators zisebenzisa ii-coupling ezithintela i-torque. Xa ubungakanani besixhobo sombane buchongiwe, i-torque yaso yokulawula nayo iyachongwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo isebenza ngexesha elimiselweyo, i-motor ayizukuthwala i-overload. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi meko zilandelayo zenzeka, inokukhokelela ekuthwaleni i-overload: okokuqala, i-voltage yombane iphantsi, kwaye i-torque efunekayo ayinakufunyanwa, ukuze i-motor iyeke ukujikeleza; okwesibini kukulungisa ngempazamo indlela yokuthintela i-torque ukuze ibe nkulu kune-torque yokumisa, okubangela i-torque egqithisileyo eqhubekayo kunye nokumisa i-motor; okwesithathu kukusetyenziswa okwethutyana, kwaye ukuqokelelwa kobushushu okuvelisiweyo kudlula ixabiso lokunyuka kobushushu elivumelekileyo le-motor; Okwesine, isekethe yendlela yokuthintela i-torque iyasilela ngesizathu esithile, esenza i-torque ibe nkulu kakhulu; Okwesihlanu, ubushushu obujikeleze umhlaba buphezulu kakhulu, okunciphisa amandla obushushu e-motor.
Ngaphambili, indlela yokukhusela imoto yayikukusebenzisa iifusi, iirelay ezigqithisileyo, iirelay ezishushu, iithermostat, njl.njl., kodwa ezi ndlela zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zazo. Akukho ndlela yokukhusela ethembekileyo yezixhobo zomthwalo oguquguqukayo ezifana nezixhobo zombane. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kwamkelwe imixube eyahlukeneyo, enokushwankathelwa kwiintlobo ezimbini: enye kukugweba ukwanda okanye ukwehla komsinga wokungenisa wemoto; eyesibini kukugweba imeko yokufudumeza yemoto ngokwayo. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela, nayiphi na indlela ithatha ingqalelo umda wexesha elinikiweyo lomthamo wobushushu wemoto.
Ngokubanzi, indlela esisiseko yokukhusela ukugqithisa kakhulu yile: ukhuseleko lokugqithisa kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo okanye ekusebenzeni nge-motor jog, kusetyenziswa i-thermostat; Ukukhusela i-rotor ye-motor stall, kusetyenziswa i-thermal relay; Kwiingozi ze-short-circuit, kusetyenziswa ii-fuses okanye ii-overcurrent relay.
Ihleli phantsi iqine ngakumbiiivalvu zebhabhathane,ivalvu yesango, ivalvu yokujongaiinkcukacha, ungaqhagamshelana nathi nge-whatsapp okanye nge-imeyile.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-26-2024
