Njengeshishini lokulawula ungcoliseko, owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo weziko lokucoca ugutyulo kukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka ayahlangabezana nemigangatho. Nangona kunjalo, ngemigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha kunye nobundlongondlongo babahloli bokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kwazisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lokusebenza kwindawo yokucocwa kwelindle. Kuya kuba nzima ngenene ukukhupha amanzi.
Ngokutsho kokuqwalaselwa kombhali, isizathu esithe ngqo sobunzima bokufikelela kwinqanaba lokukhupha amanzi kukuba kukho ngokubanzi izangqa ezintathu ezikhohlakeleyo kwizityalo zelindle zelizwe lam.
Eyokuqala isangqa esibi se-sludge ephantsi (MLVSS / MLSS) kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sludge; okwesibini isangqa esikhohlakeleyo sobuninzi bemichiza yokususa i-phosphorus esetyenzisiweyo, ukukhutshwa kwe-sludge ngakumbi; eyesithathu yiplanti yokucoca ugutyulo lwexesha elide Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo, izixhobo azinakuguqulwa, zihamba nezifo unyaka wonke, zikhokelela kwisangqa esibi somthamo wokucocwa kwelindle elicuthiweyo.
#1
Isangqa esikhohlakeleyo somsebenzi we-sludge ephantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sludge
Unjingalwazi uWang Hongchen wenze uphando kwizityalo ezingama-467 zogutyulo. Makhe sijonge idatha yomsebenzi we-sludge kunye noxinzelelo lwe-sludge: Phakathi kwezi zityalo ze-467 zamanzi amdaka, i-61% yezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ane-MLVSS/MLSS ngaphantsi kwe-0.5, malunga ne-30% yezityalo zonyango zine-MLVSS/MLSS ngaphantsi kwe-0.4.
Uxinzelelo lwe-sludge ye-2/3 yezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka idlula i-4000 mg/L, i-sludge concentration ye-1/3 yezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka idlula i-6000 mg/L, kwaye i-sludge concentration ye-20 yezityalo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka idlula i-10000 mg/L. .
Zithini iziphumo zezi meko zingasentla (umsebenzi wodaka oluphantsi, ukuxinana kodaka oluphezulu)? Nangona siye sabona amanqaku amaninzi obugcisa ahlalutya inyaniso, kodwa ngamazwi alula, kukho umphumo omnye, oko kukuthi, ukuphuma kwamanzi kudlula umgangatho.
Oku kunokuchazwa kwiinkalo ezimbini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emva kokuba i-sludge concentration iphezulu, ukuze ugweme ukuchithwa kwe-sludge, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa i-aeration. Ukwandisa umthamo we-aeration akuyi kwandisa kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kodwa nokwandisa icandelo le-biological. Ukonyuka kweoksijini enyibilikisiweyo kuya kuhlutha umthombo wekhabhoni ofunekayo kwi-denitrification, eya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-denitrification kunye nesiphumo sokususwa kwe-phosphorus yenkqubo yebhayoloji, okukhokelela kwi-N kunye ne-P.
Kwelinye icala, ukuxinana kodaka oluphezulu kwenza ujongano lwamanzi odaka lunyuke, kwaye udaka lulahleka ngokulula kunye namanzi amdaka etanki yesibini yentlenga, eya kuthi mhlawumbi ivalele iyunithi yonyango oluphezulu okanye ibangele ukuba amanzi amdaka e-COD kunye ne-SS agqithe kwi-sedimentation tank. umgangatho.
Emva kokuthetha ngemiphumo, makhe sithethe malunga nokuba kutheni izityalo ezininzi zamanzi amdaka zinengxaki yomsebenzi ophantsi we-sludge kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sludge.
Enyanisweni, isizathu sokuxinana kwe-sludge ephezulu ngumsebenzi wodaka oluphantsi. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi we-sludge uphantsi, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe umphumo wonyango, ukugxilwa kwe-sludge kufuneka kwandiswe. Umsebenzi ophantsi we-sludge ubangelwa kukuba amanzi anefuthe aqulethe isixa esikhulu sesanti ye-slag, engena kwiyunithi yonyango ye-biological kwaye iqokelele ngokuthe ngcembe, echaphazela umsebenzi we-microorganisms.
Kukho i-slag eninzi kunye nesanti emanzini angenayo. Enye yeyokuba impembelelo yokungenelela kwegrille imbi kakhulu, kwaye enye yeyokuba ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemizi-mveliso yogutyulo lwelindle kwilizwe lam abakawakhi amatanki asisiseko.
Abanye abantu banokubuza, kutheni ungakhi itanki yokuqala yokulahla? Oku kumalunga nenethiwekhi yombhobho. Kukho iingxaki ezifana nokungadibanisi kakuhle, udibaniso oluxutyiweyo, kunye noqhagamshelo olungekhoyo kumnatha wombhobho kwilizwe lam. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho wamanzi onempembelelo yezityalo zogutyulo ngokubanzi uneempawu ezintathu: i-inorganic solid solid concentration (ISS), i-COD ephantsi, i-Low C/N ratio.
Uxinzelelo lwe-inorganic solids kumanzi anempembelelo aphezulu, oko kukuthi, umxholo wesanti uphezulu. Ekuqaleni, itanki yokuqala yentlenga inokunciphisa ezinye izinto ezingaphiliyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iCOD yamanzi anempembelelo isezantsi noko, uninzi lwezityalo zogutyulo ngokulula Musa ukwakha itanki yokuqala yentlenge.
Kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, umsebenzi we-sludge ephantsi lilifa "lezityalo ezinzima kunye neminatha elula".
Sithe ukugxilwa kwe-sludge ephezulu kunye nomsebenzi ophantsi kuya kukhokelela ekugqithiseni kwe-N kunye ne-P kumanzi amdaka. Ngeli xesha, amanyathelo okuphendula uninzi lwezityalo zogutyulo kukongeza imithombo yekhabhoni kunye ne-inorganic flocculants. Nangona kunjalo, ukongezwa kwesixa esikhulu semithombo yangaphandle yekhabhoni kuya kukhokelela ekunyuseni okungaphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ngelixa ukongezwa komthamo omkhulu we-flocculant kuya kuvelisa inani elikhulu le-sludge yeekhemikhali, okukhokelela ekunyuseni koxinzelelo lwe-sludge kunye nolunye. ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-sludge, ukwenza isangqa esibi.
#2
Isangqa esikhohlakeleyo apho ubuninzi bemichiza yokususa i-phosphorus esetyenzisiweyo, inkulu imveliso ye-sludge.
Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zokususa i-phosphorus kuye kwandise ukuveliswa kwe-sludge nge-20% ukuya kwi-30%, okanye nangaphezulu.
Ingxaki yodaka ibe yinkxalabo enkulu yezityalo zokucocwa kogutyulo iminyaka emininzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba akukho ndlela yokuphuma kwi-sludge, okanye indlela yokuphuma ayizinzanga. .
Oku kukhokelela ekwandisweni kweminyaka yodaka, okukhokelela kwisenzeko sokuguga kodaka, kunye neziphazamiso ezimandundu ngakumbi njengokugcwala kodaka.
I-sludge eyandisiweyo ayinakuhamba kakuhle. Ngokulahleka kwamanzi amdaka avela kwitanki yesibini ye-sedimentation, iyunithi yonyango ephezulu ivaliwe, isiphumo sonyango siyancitshiswa, kwaye umthamo wamanzi okuhlamba umva uyanyuka.
Ukunyuka komthamo wamanzi okuhlamba umva kuya kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibini, enye kukunciphisa umphumo wonyango wecandelo langaphambili le-biochemical.
Umthamo omkhulu wamanzi okuhlamba umva ubuyiselwa kwi-tank ye-aeration, eyanciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kwe-hydraulic yangempela yesakhiwo kunye nokunciphisa umphumo wonyango wonyango lwesibini;
Okwesibini kukunciphisa ngakumbi ukusebenza kweyunithi yokucubungula ubunzulu.
Ngenxa yokuba umthamo omkhulu wamanzi okuhlamba umva kufuneka ubuyiselwe kwinkqubo yokucoca unyango oluphezulu, izinga lokuhluza liyenyuka kwaye umthamo wangempela wokucoca uyancitshiswa.
Isiphumo sonyango xa sisonke siba mbi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba iphosphorous epheleleyo kunye neCOD kumanzi amdaka igqithe kumgangatho. Ukuze ugweme ukugqithiswa komgangatho, isityalo sogutyulo samanzi amdaka siya kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-agent zokususa i-phosphorus, okuya kwandisa ngakumbi inani le-sludge.
kwisangqa esikhohlakeleyo.
#3
Isangqa esikhohlakeleyo sokugcwala kwexesha elide kwezityalo zelindle kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wokucocwa kogutyulo
Ukucocwa kogutyulo akuxhomekanga kuphela ebantwini, kodwa nakwizixhobo zokusebenza.
Izixhobo zogutyulo zilwa kumgca ongaphambili wokucoca amanzi ixesha elide. Ukuba ayilungiswa rhoqo, iingxaki ziya kwenzeka kungekudala okanye kamva. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, izixhobo zamanzi amdaka azikwazi ukulungiswa, kuba xa isixhobo esithile siyeka, ukuphuma kwamanzi kunokwenzeka ukuba kudlule umgangatho. Phantsi kwenkqubo yezohlwayo zemihla ngemihla, wonke umntu akanako ukuyifikelela.
Phakathi kwemizi-mveliso yogutyulo lwelindle engama-467 ephononongwe nguNjingalwazi uWang Hongchen, malunga nesibini kwisithathu kubo banamazinga omthamo wehydraulic angaphezu kwama-80%, malunga nesinye kwisithathu esingaphezulu kwe-120%, kunye neendawo ezi-5 zokucoca ilindle zikhulu kune-150%.
Xa umlinganiselo womthwalo we-hydraulic ungaphezu kwama-80%, ngaphandle kweendawo ezimbalwa zokucocwa kwelindle ezinkulu kakhulu, amaziko okucocwa kogutyulo jikelele akanako ukuwavala amanzi ukuze agcinwe ngengqiqo yokuba amanzi amdaka afikelela kumgangatho, kwaye akukho manzi agcina inkunkuma. kwi-aerators kunye nesecondary sedimentation tank suction kunye ne-scrapers. Isixhobo esisezantsi sinokugqithiswa ngokupheleleyo okanye sitshintshwe xa sikhutshwa.
Oko kukuthi, malunga ne-2/3 yezityalo ze-lindle ayikwazi ukulungisa izixhobo kwindawo yokuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka adibana nomgangatho.
Ngokophando lukaNjingalwazi uWang Hongchen, ixesha lokuphila kwee-aerator ngokuqhelekileyo yiminyaka emi-4-6, kodwa i-1/4 yezityalo zogutyulo ayenzanga lungiso lokungenisa umoya kwii-aerator ixesha elide kangange-6 iminyaka. Isikhuseli sodaka, esifuna ukuchithwa size silungiswe, ngokuqhelekileyo asilungiswa unyaka wonke.
Izixhobo kudala zisebenza ngokugula, kwaye umthamo wokucoca amanzi uya usiba mandundu. Ukuze ukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lokuphuma kwamanzi, akukho ndlela yokuyiyeka ukugcinwa. Kwisangqa esibi esinjalo, kuya kuhlala kukho inkqubo yokucoca ugutyulo oluya kujongana nokuwa.
#4
bhala ekugqibeleni
Emva kokuba ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lusekwe njengomgaqo-nkqubo osisiseko welizwe lam, amasimi amanzi, igesi, okuqinileyo, umhlaba kunye nolunye ungcoliseko lolawulo oluphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza, apho intsimi yokucoca indle inokuthi inkokeli. Inqanaba elingonelanga, ukusebenza komzi-mveliso wogutyulo kuwele engxakini, kwaye ingxaki yothungelwano lwemibhobho kunye nodaka ibe zezona ziphene zimbini ziphambili kushishino lwelizwe lam lokucoca ilindle.
Kwaye ngoku, lixesha lokulungisa iintsilelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-23-2022
