Isityalo sokuCoca Amanzi Amdaka sisokola kwizangqa ezintathu ezinobungozi.

Njengeshishini lokulawula ungcoliseko, owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wesikhululo sokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka ayahlangabezana nemigangatho. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha amanzi amdaka kunye nobundlobongela babahloli bokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, oku kuzise uxinzelelo olukhulu lokusebenza kwisikhululo sokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi ukukhupha amanzi.

Ngokwembono yombhali, unobangela othe ngqo wobunzima bokufikelela kumgangatho wokukhupha amanzi kukuba kukho imijikelo emithathu emibi kwiindawo zokulahla amanzi amdaka zelizwe lam.

Eyokuqala yi-vicious circle of low sludge activity (MLVSS/MLSS) kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sludge; eyesibini yi-vicious circle of a major phosphorus removal chemicals purpose, kokukhona i-sludge output mass output iphezulu; eyesithathu yi-long-term seawage treatment operate overload, izixhobo azinakulungiswa, zisebenza nezifo unyaka wonke, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-vicious circle of low storage treatment.

#1

Isangqa esibi somsebenzi ophantsi wodaka kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lodaka

UNjingalwazi uWang Hongchen wenze uphando kwizikhululo zamanzi amdaka ezingama-467. Makhe sijonge idatha yomsebenzi wodaka kunye nobuninzi bodaka: Phakathi kwezi zikhululo zamanzi amdaka ezingama-467, ama-61% ezikhululo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ane-MLVSS/MLSS engaphantsi kwe-0.5, malunga nama-30% ezikhululo zokunyanga zine-MLVSS/MLSS engaphantsi kwe-0.4.

Uxinzelelo lodaka lwe-2/3 yezityalo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ludlula i-4000 mg/L, uxinzelelo lodaka lwe-1/3 yezityalo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ludlula i-6000 mg/L, kwaye uxinzelelo lodaka lwezityalo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ezingama-20 ludlula i-10000 mg/L.

Zithini iziphumo zezi meko zingasentla (umsebenzi ophantsi wodaka, uxinano oluphezulu lodaka)? Nangona sibone amanqaku amaninzi obuchwephesha ahlalutya inyani, kodwa ngokulula, kukho isiphumo esinye, oko kukuthi, ukuphuma kwamanzi kudlula umgangatho.

Oku kungachazwa kwiinkalo ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, emva kokuba uxinzelelo lwedaka luphezulu, ukuze kuthintelwe ukugcwala kodaka, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa umoya. Ukwandisa ubungakanani bomoya akuyi kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphela, kodwa kuya kwandisa necandelo lebhayoloji. Ukwanda kweoksijini enyibilikisiweyo kuya kuhlutha umthombo wekhabhoni ofunekayo ukuze kuncitshiswe i-nitrification, nto leyo eya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-denitrification kunye nefuthe lokususa i-phosphorus kwinkqubo yebhayoloji, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-N kunye ne-P egqithisileyo.

Kwelinye icala, uxinano oluphezulu lodaka lwenza ukuba umda wodaka namanzi unyuke, kwaye udaka lulahleka lula ngokungcola kwetanki yesibini yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma, okuya kuthintela iyunithi yonyango ephucukileyo okanye kubangele ukuba i-COD kunye ne-SS ezitsalwa yinkunkuma zidlule umgangatho.

Emva kokuthetha ngemiphumo, masithethe ngesizathu sokuba uninzi lwezityalo zamanzi amdaka zinengxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kodaka kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lodaka.

Enyanisweni, isizathu sokuba kubekho uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwedaka ngumsebenzi ophantsi wedaka. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wedaka uphantsi, ukuze kuphuculwe isiphumo sonyango, kufuneka kwandiswe uxinzelelo lwedaka. Umsebenzi wedaka ophantsi ubangelwa kukuba amanzi angena kwi-influent aqulethe isanti eninzi ye-slag, engena kwiyunithi yonyango lwebhayoloji kwaye iqokelelane kancinci kancinci, nto leyo echaphazela umsebenzi we-microorganisms.

Kukho inkunkuma eninzi kunye nesanti emanzini angenayo. Esinye kukuba isiphumo sokubanjwa kwegrille asilunganga kakhulu, kwaye esinye kukuba ngaphezulu kwama-90% ezityalo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka kwilizwe lam azakhanga iitanki zokuqala zedaka.

Abanye abantu banokubuza, kutheni singakhi itanki yokuqala yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma? Oku kumalunga nenethiwekhi yemibhobho. Kukho iingxaki ezifana nokungasebenzi kakuhle, uqhagamshelo oluxutyiweyo, kunye noqhagamshelo olungekhoyo kwinethiwekhi yemibhobho kwilizwe lam. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho wamanzi ochaphazelekayo wezityalo zamanzi amdaka ngokubanzi uneempawu ezintathu: uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-inorganic solid (ISS), i-COD ephantsi, umlinganiselo ophantsi we-C/N.

Uxinzelelo lwezinto ezingaphiliyo emanzini asebenzayo luphezulu, oko kukuthi, umxholo wesanti uphezulu. Ekuqaleni, itanki yokuqala yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma yayinokunciphisa ezinye izinto ezingaphiliyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-COD yamanzi asebenzayo iphantsi, uninzi lwezityalo zamanzi amdaka azizakhi itanki yokuqala yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma.

Ekugqibeleni, umsebenzi omncinci wodaka lulifa "lezityalo ezinzima kunye neminatha elula".

Sithe ukuba ubuninzi bodaka kunye nomsebenzi ophantsi kuya kukhokelela kwi-N kunye ne-P eninzi kwinkunkuma. Ngeli xesha, amanyathelo okuphendula kwezityalo ezininzi zamanzi amdaka kukongeza imithombo yekhabhoni kunye ne-flocculants ezingaphiliyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukongezwa kwemithombo emininzi yekhabhoni yangaphandle kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ngelixa ukongezwa kwe-flocculant eninzi kuya kuvelisa ubuninzi bodaka lweekhemikhali, okubangela ukwanda kobuninzi bodaka kunye nokuncipha komsebenzi wodaka, okwenza isangqa esibi.

#2

Isangqa esibi apho inani elikhulu leekhemikhali zokususa i-phosphorus ezisetyenziswayo, kokukhona imveliso yodaka ikhula.

Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zokususa i-phosphorus kuye kwandisa imveliso yodaka ngama-20% ukuya kuma-30%, okanye nangaphezulu.

Ingxaki yodaka ibisoloko iyinkxalabo enkulu kwizityalo zokunyanga amdaka kangangeminyaka emininzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba akukho ndlela yokuphuma kodaka, okanye indlela yokuphuma ayizinzanga.

Oku kukhokelela ekwandiseni ixesha lokuguga kodaka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kubekho ukwaluphala kodaka, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinzulu ezifana nokuxinana kodaka.

Udaka olwandisiweyo alunamanzi amdaka. Xa kulahleka ukungcola okuvela kwitanki yesibini yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma, iyunithi yonyango ephucukileyo iyavalwa, isiphumo sonyango siyancitshiswa, kwaye inani lamanzi okuhlamba angasemva liyanda.

Ukwanda komthamo wamanzi okuhlamba angasemva kuya kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibini, enye kukunciphisa isiphumo sonyango lwecandelo langaphambili le-biochemical.

Isixa esikhulu samanzi okuhlamba angasemva sibuyiselwa kwitanki yomoya, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokugcina amanzi emzimbeni wesakhiwo kwaye inciphise isiphumo sonyango lwesibini;

Okwesibini kukunciphisa ngakumbi isiphumo sokucubungula seyunithi yokucubungula ubunzulu.

Ngenxa yokuba amanzi amaninzi okuhlamba umva kufuneka abuyiselwe kwinkqubo yokucoca unyango oluphambili, izinga lokucoca liyanyuka kwaye amandla okucoca ayancipha.

Isiphumo sonyango ngokubanzi siba sibi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba i-phosphorus iyonke kunye ne-COD kwinkunkuma idlule umgangatho. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukudlula umgangatho, isityalo senkunkuma siya kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zokususa i-phosphorus, nto leyo eya kwandisa ubungakanani bodaka.

kwisangqa esibi.

#3

Isangqa esibi sokugcwala kakhulu kwezityalo zamanzi amdaka ixesha elide kunye nokuncipha kwamandla okucocwa kwamanzi amdaka

Unyango lwelindle aluxhomekekanga ebantwini kuphela, kodwa nakwizixhobo.

Izixhobo zamanzi amdaka bezisoloko zilwa kumgca ongaphambili wokucoca amanzi ixesha elide. Ukuba azilungiswa rhoqo, iingxaki ziya kuvela kungekudala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, izixhobo zamanzi amdaka azinakulungiswa, kuba xa isixhobo esithile simile, ukuphuma kwamanzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba kudlule umgangatho. Phantsi kwenkqubo yeentlawulo zemihla ngemihla, wonke umntu akanakukwazi ukuzihlawulela.

Phakathi kweendawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka zasezidolophini ezingama-467 eziphandwe nguNjingalwazi uWang Hongchen, malunga nesibini kwisithathu sazo zinezinga lomthwalo we-hydraulic elingaphezulu kwe-80%, malunga nesinye kwisithathu elingaphezulu kwe-120%, kwaye iindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ezi-5 zingaphezulu kwe-150%.

Xa izinga lomthwalo we-hydraulic lingaphezulu kwe-80%, ngaphandle kweendawo ezimbalwa ezinkulu kakhulu zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, iindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ngokubanzi azinakuwavala amanzi ukuze agcinwe ngenxa yokuba amanzi amdaka afikelela kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, kwaye akukho manzi aseleyo okusebenzisa i-aerator kunye ne-sedimentation tank suction kunye ne-scrapers. Izixhobo ezisezantsi zinokulungiswa ngokupheleleyo okanye zitshintshwe xa zikhutshwa amanzi.

Oko kukuthi, malunga ne-2/3 yeendawo zokulahla amanzi amdaka azikwazi ukulungisa izixhobo ngesizathu sokuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi amdaka ayahlangabezana nomgangatho.

Ngokutsho kophando lukaNjingalwazi uWang Hongchen, ixesha lokuphila kwezixhobo zomoya liqhele ukuba yiminyaka emi-4-6, kodwa i-1/4 yezityalo zamanzi amdaka azizange zenze ulondolozo lokungenisa umoya kwiizixhobo zomoya ixesha elide njengeminyaka emi-6. Isixhobo sokukrazula udaka, esifuna ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle nokulungiswa, asilungiswa unyaka wonke.

Izixhobo bezisebenza ngenxa yokugula ixesha elide, kwaye amandla okunyanga amanzi aya esiba mandundu. Ukuze kumelwane noxinzelelo lombhobho wamanzi, akukho ndlela yokuwumisa ukuze ulungiswe. Kwisangqa esibi kangaka, kuya kuhlala kukho inkqubo yokunyanga amanzi amdaka eya kujongana nokuwa.

#4

bhala ekugqibeleni

Emva kokuba ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lumiselwe njengomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe osisiseko welizwe lam, amasimi amanzi, igesi, izinto eziqinileyo, umhlaba kunye nolawulo longcoliseko lwakhula ngokukhawuleza, apho intsimi yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunokuthiwa yeyona iphambili. Inqanaba elaneleyo, ukusebenza kwesityalo senkunkuma kuye kwawela kwingxaki, kwaye ingxaki yothungelwano lwemibhobho kunye nodaka ibe zizinto ezimbini ezingalunganga kwishishini lokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka lelizwe lam.

Ngoku, lixesha lokulungisa iintsilelo.