Iivalvu yebhabhathaneYasungulwa eMelika ngeminyaka yoo-1930. Yaziswa eJapan ngeminyaka yoo-1950 kwaye yayingasetyenziswa kakhulu eJapan ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Ayizange ithandwe kwilizwe lam ngeminyaka yoo-1970. Iimpawu eziphambili zeevalvu zebhabhathane zezi: i-torque encinci yokusebenza, indawo encinci yokufaka kunye nobunzima obuphantsi. Ukuthatha i-DN1000 njengomzekelo,ivalvu yebhabhathaneimalunga ne-2T, ngelixaivalvu yesangoimalunga ne-3.5T. Iivalvu yebhabhathaneKulula ukuyidibanisa nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba kwaye inokuqina okuhle kunye nokuthembeka. Ingxaki yeevalvu zebhabhathane ezitywinwe ngerabha kukuba xa zisetyenziselwa ukuqhobosha, ukuqhobosha kuya kwenzeka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isihlalo serabha siqhekeke kwaye sonakale. Ke ngoko, indlela yokuyikhetha ngokuchanekileyo ixhomekeke kwiimeko zokusebenza. Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuvulwa kwevalvu yebhabhathane kunye nesantya sokuhamba ngokusisiseko buxhomekeke ngqo. Ukuba isetyenziselwa ukulawula isantya sokuhamba, iimpawu zayo zokuhamba zikwanxulumene kakhulu nokumelana nokuhamba kwepayipi. Umzekelo, ukuba i-valve caliber kunye nemo yepayipi ezimbini ziyafana, kodwa i-coefficient yokulahleka kwepayipi yahlukile, isantya sokuhamba kwevalvu nayo iya kwahluka kakhulu. Ukuba ivalvu ikwimeko ye-amplitude enkulu yokuqhobosha, ukuqhobosha kudla ngokuvela ngasemva kwepleyiti yevalvu, enokonakalisa ivalvu. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngaphandle kwe-15°. Xaivalvu yebhabhathaneikwindawo ephakathi, imo yokuvula eyenziwe ngumzimba wevalvu kwaye isiphelo esingaphambili seplati yebhabhathane sigxile kwi-valve shaft, kwaye iimeko ezahlukeneyo zenziwe kumacala omabini. Isiphelo esingaphambili seplati yebhabhathane kwelinye icala sihamba kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi, kwaye elinye icala lihamba kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi. Ke ngoko, umzimba wevalvu kunye nepleyiti yevalvu kwelinye icala zenza ukuvulwa okufana nomlomo, kwaye elinye icala lifana nokuvulwa okufana nomngxuma we-throttle. Icala le-nozzle linesantya sokuhamba esikhawulezayo kakhulu kunecala le-throttle, kwaye uxinzelelo olubi luya kwenziwa phantsi kwevalvu kwicala le-throttle, kwaye isitywino serabha siya kuwa rhoqo. I-torque yokusebenza yeivalvu yebhabhathaneiyahluka ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuvula kunye nezikhokelo zokuvala zevalvu. I-torque eveliswa ngumahluko phakathi kweentloko zamanzi eziphezulu nezisezantsi zevalvu yebhabhathane ethe tye, ingakumbi ivalvu enkulu, ngenxa yobunzulu bamanzi, ayinakutyeshelwa. Ukongeza, xa ingqiniba ifakelwe kwicala lokungena levalvu, kwakheka ukuhamba kwe-bias, kwaye i-torque iya kwanda. Xa ivalvu ikwindawo ephakathi yokuvula, indlela yokusebenza kufuneka izivale ngokwayo ngenxa yesenzo se-torque yokuhamba kwamanzi.
I-China inemixokelelwane emininzi yeshishini leevalvu, kodwa ayingomandla eevalvu. Ngokubanzi, ilizwe lam lingene kumanqanaba ehlabathi anamandla eevalvu, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wemveliso, ilizwe lam lisekude kakhulu ekubeni ngamandla eevalvu. Eli shishini lisenemveliso ephantsi, amandla aphantsi ophando nophuhliso lweevalvu ezihambelana neemveliso eziphezulu, kunye nenqanaba eliphantsi lobuchwepheshe bokuvelisa kwishishini leevalvu, kwaye intsilelo yorhwebo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ngokuqinisekileyo azikho iinkampani ezininzi zeevalvu ezinokusinda ngokwenene kwimarike. Nangona kunjalo, olu shwaka olukhawulezayo kwishishini leevalvu luya kuzisa amathuba amakhulu, kwaye isiphumo soshwakalo siya kwenza ukusebenza kwemarike kube sengqiqweni ngakumbi. Indlela eya kwindawo yeevalvu eziphezulu "inzima kakhulu". Iinxalenye ezisisiseko ziye zaba sisiphene esithintela uphuhliso lweshishini lemveliso lelizwe lam ukuya kwindawo ephezulu. Ngexesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-12, urhulumente uya kuqhubeka nokwandisa indawo yeenxalenye zezixhobo eziphezulu. Apha sikhetha uphuhliso oluphambili oluliqela "kwiSicwangciso sokuSebenza" kunye namashishini eevalvu amele uhlalutyo lokwenzeka kokutshintshwa kokungenisa. Ukusuka kuhlalutyo, kunokubonwa ukuba ukwenzeka kokutshintshwa kweevalvu kwamanye amazwe kumashishini ahlukeneyo angaphantsi kwahluka kakhulu, kwaye iivalvu eziphezulu zifuna ngokungxamisekileyo ulwalathiso olongezelelekileyo lomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nenkxaso yophando lwesayensi.
Ishishini leevalvu lidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo kwishishini lezixhobo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe. Ekubeni inqanaba leshishini leevalvu zasekhaya zelizwe lam lisekude kakhulu kwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe, uninzi lwezinto ezibalulekileyoiivalvungemilinganiselo ephezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu leepawundi bezisoloko zixhomekeke ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe. Umzekelo, uphawu lwe-OMAL lwaseYurophu belusoloko lukhetho oluphambili kushishino lwesicelo seevalvu zasekhaya. Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukwenziwa kweevalvu kwindawo ethile, emva kokuba iBhunga leSizwe likhuphe "Iimbono ezininzi malunga nokukhawulezisa ukuvuselelwa koShishino loKwenziwa kweZixhobo", amasebe karhulumente afanelekileyo enze uthotho lwezinto ezinkulu ezisetyenziswayo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zikarhulumente zokwenziwa kwendawo ethile kwezixhobo ezinkulu. Ekhokelwa yiKhomishini yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo, iChina Machinery Industry Federation kunye neChina General Machinery Industry Association basebenzise kwaye baqulunqa isicwangcisoivalvuIsicwangciso sokwakha izixhobo eziphambili kwiindawo ezinxulumene noko, kwaye sisebenzisana namasebe afanelekileyo amaxesha amaninzi. Ngoku ukwakhiwa kweevalvu kuye kwavumelana kwishishini leevalvu zasekhaya. Ukwamkela ngenkuthalo imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yoyilo lwemveliso; ukufunxa izakhiwo zoyilo ezigqwesileyo zangaphandle (kubandakanya ubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi); ukuvavanywa kwemveliso kunye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenziwa ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe; ukufunxa amava enkqubo yemveliso yangaphandle kunye nokufaka ukubaluleka kuphando kunye nokukhuthaza izixhobo ezintsha; ukucacisa iiparameter zobugcisa kunye neemeko zokusebenza zeemveliso zeevalvu ezingeniswe kwamanye amazwe eziphezulu, njl. ziindlela zokukhawulezisa inkqubo yendawo, ukukhuthaza ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kweemveliso zeevalvu, kunye nokuqonda ngokupheleleyo indawo yeevalvu. Ngokukhawuleziswa kwesantya sokulungiswa kwakhona kwishishini leevalvu, ishishini elizayo liya kuba kukhuphiswano phakathi komgangatho wemveliso yeevalvu kunye nokhuseleko kunye neempawu zemveliso. Iimveliso ziya kuphuhliswa kwicala letekhnoloji ephezulu, iiparameter eziphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okunamandla, kunye nobomi obude. Kuphela ngobuchule obuqhubekayo betekhnoloji, uphuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha, kunye notshintsho lwetekhnoloji apho inqanaba letekhnoloji yemveliso lingaphuculwa kancinci kancinci ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nokuhambelana kwezixhobo zasekhaya kunye nokuqonda ngokupheleleyo indawo yeevalvu. Phantsi kwemfuneko enkulu, ishishini lemveliso yeevalvu zelizwe lam ngokuqinisekileyo liya kubonisa amathuba angcono ophuhliso.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-02-2024
