I-IP yeBanga loKhuseleko

1. Kuthetha ukuthini inqanaba lokhuseleko lwe-IP?

Inqanaba lokukhusela i-IP (Ingress Protection) luhlelo lobuchule bokungakwazi uthuli nokungangeni manzi lwezixhobo zombane oluchazwe ngumgangatho wehlabathi we-IEC 60529. Luqulathe "i-IP" elandelwa ngamanani amabini: inani lokuqala limele inqanaba lokungangeni thuli (0-6), kwaye inani lesibini limele inqanaba lokungangeni manzi (0-9K). Okukhona inani liphezulu, kokukhona ukhuseleko luqina.

2. Ithetha ukuthini inombolo yokuqala (ukhuseleko lothuli)?

- IP0X: Akukho khuselo

- IP1X: Ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo ezingaphezu kwama-50mm (njengomva wesandla)

- IP2X: Ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo ezinkulu kune-12.5mm (ezifana neminwe)

- IP3X: Ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo ezinkulu kune-2.5mm (ezifana nezixhobo)

- IP4X: Ukhuseleko kwizinto eziqinileyo ezinkulu kune-1mm (ezifana neengcingo ezibhityileyo)

- IP5X: Ayinakuluthiswa luthuli – ayinakuluthintela ngokupheleleyo uthuli ukuba lungene, kodwa uthuli aluchaphazeli ukusebenza kwesixhobo ngendlela eqhelekileyo

- IP6X: Ayinalo uthuli ngokupheleleyo – akukho luthuli lunokungena

3. Lithetha ukuthini inani lesibini (elingangeni manzi)?

- IPX0: Akukho khuselo

- IPX1: Ukhuseleko emanzini athontsizayo ngokuthe nkqo

- IPX2: Ukhuseleko emanzini avuzayo kwi-engile ye-15°

- IPX3: Ukhuseleko emvuleni (tshiza ngaphakathi komgama wama-60°)

- IPX4: Ukhuseleko emanzini atshizayo (nakweyiphi na indlela)

- IPX5: Ukhuseleko kwi-spray yamanzi (umlomo we-6.3mm)

- IPX6: Ukhuseleko kwi-spray yamanzi enamandla (umlomo we-12.5mm)

- IPX7: Ukhuseleko ekuntywilisweni emanzini ixesha elifutshane (ubunzulu bamanzi obuyimitha e-1, imizuzu engama-30)

- IPX8: Ukhuseleko ekuntywilisweni emanzini rhoqo (imiqathango echazwe ngumvelisi, idla ngokuba ngcono kune-IPX7)

- IPX9K: Ukhuseleko kwi-spray yamanzi ashushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu (ifanelekile kwiimeko zokucoca rhoqo)

4. Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwenqanaba le-IP?

- IP40: Izixhobo zangaphakathi eziqhelekileyo (iTV, i-router)

- IP54: izixhobo ezingatshiziyo (izixhobo zasekhitshini, izibane zangaphandle)

- IP65: ayitshisi uthuli kwaye ayitshisi manzi (ikhabhinethi yolawulo lwemizi-mveliso, ukubekwa esweni ngaphandle)

- IP66: Ukhuseleko kwi-spray yamanzi enamandla (izixhobo zaselwandle, iikhabhathi zangaphandle)

- IP67: Ingafakwa emanzini ixesha elifutshane (izixhobo eziphathwayo zangaphandle, iiwotshi ezikrelekrele)

- IP68: Ukuntywiliselwa ixesha elide (izixhobo zokuntywila, iikhamera ezingaphantsi kwamanzi)

5. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-IPX7 kunye ne-IPX8?

IPX7: Iimeko ezilungisiweyo (zifakwe kwimitha e-1 yamanzi imizuzu engama-30). IPX8: Iimeko zinzima ngakumbi, kodwa zimiselwa ngumenzi (ezifana neemitha ezi-5 zobunzulu bamanzi iiyure ezi-2). Qaphela: I-IPX8 ayihambelani rhoqo namanqanaba angaphantsi kwe-IPX7 kwaye kufuneka imakishwe ngokwahlukeneyo.

6. Ngaba inqanaba lokhuseleko liphezulu, kokukhona lingcono?

hayi. Ukhuseleko oluphezulu ludla ngokuthetha ukutywinwa okutyebileyo kunye nokulahleka kokusasazwa kobushushu, nto leyo ekwanyusa iindleko kunye nobukhulu. Ukhetho kufuneka lusekelwe kwindawo yokusetyenziswa yokwenyani: i-IP40 yanele kwizixhobo zangaphakathi; i-IP54 okanye ngaphezulu iyafuneka ukukhusela imvula yangaphandle; i-IP67 okanye ngaphezulu iyafuneka ukuze kuntywiliswe emanzini.

7. Ukuba imveliso iphawulwe nge-IP67, ingaba ingasetyenziswa phantsi kwamanzi?

Ingafakwa emanzini okufutshane (ngaphakathi kwemitha e-1), kodwa ayikhuthazwa ukuba isetyenziswe emanzini ashushu, emanzini olwandle okanye kwindawo echaphazeleka ngamanzi. Kwaye amandla okuvala indandatho aya kuncipha emva kokwaluphala, ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyijonge rhoqo.

8. Ungazigcina njani izixhobo zokukhusela ze-IP imihla ngemihla?

- Gcina izitywini zicocekile ukuze zingagugi

- Qinisekisa ukuba yomile xa utshaja okanye uxhuma okanye ukhupha i-port

- Sula ngoko nangoko emva kokuntywiliselwa emanzini uze ujonge ukungena kwamanzi

- Kuphephe ukuchatshazelwa ngqo kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu

9. Isishwankathelo

Ngokukhethaiivalvu zebhabhathanekwayeiivalvu zesangongokuhambelana neenkcukacha zomgangatho wokhuseleko lwe-IP kunye nokwenza ukuvalwa nokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla,I-TWSIivalvu ziqinile kwaye azinawo uthuli kwaye zilungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho ehamba ngothuli.